CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (OCTOBER TEST REVIEW 2025/2026)

CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (OCTOBER TEST REVIEW 2025/2026) Which one of the following statements about cellular DNA polymerases is correct? A. They use four deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates as substrates. B. They progress toward the 5′ end of the template strand of the DNA. C. They add new nucleotides to the 5′ end of the growing DNA strand. D. They hydrolyze ATP to meet the energy needs for polymerization. - Correct Answer-B. They progress toward the 5′ end of the template strand of the DNA. The nucleotide sequence of one DNA strand of a DNA double helix is 5′-GGATTTTTGTCCACAATCA-3′. What is the sequence of the complementary strand? A. 5′-ACTAACACCTGTTTTTAGG-3′ B. 5′-GGATTTTTGTCCACAATCA-3′ C. 5′-CCTAAAAACAGGTGTTAGT-3′ D. 5′-TGATTGTGGACAAAAATCC-3′ - Correct Answer-D. 5′-TGATTGTGGACAAAAATCC-3′ What would you expect to happen if dideoxycytidine triphosphate (ddCTP) were added to a DNA replication reaction in large excess over the concentration of deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP)? Would it be incorporated into the DNA? If it were, what would happen after that? (See ddCTP in the figure.) Choose one: A. ddCTP would not be incorporated, and DNA replication would not be affected. B. ddCTP would be incorporated, and DNA replication would be error prone. C. ddCTP would be incorporated, and DNA replication would be terminated. D. ddCTP would not be incorporated, and DNA replication would slow down. - Correct Answer-