1
Molecular Cell Biology Chapter 9
Questions and Correct Answers
Translation
Ans✅✅: The synthesis of proteins as directed by mRNA templates. Is
only the first step in the formation of a functional protein. Polypeptide
chains must fold into appropriate conformations and often undergo various
processing steps, sorting, and transport.
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Ans✅✅: Gene expression is regulated at the level of translation in
both?
cell behavior
Ans✅✅: There are also multiple controls on the amounts and activities
of intracellular proteins, which ultimately regulate all aspects of cell
behavior
mRNA templates
Ans✅✅: Proteins are synthesized form _____ by a process that has been
highly conserved throughout evolution.
amino to the carboxyl terminus
Ans✅✅: All mRNAs are read in the 5' to 3' direction, and polypeptide
chains are synthesized form the?
codon
Ans✅✅: Each amino acid is specified by three bases a _____ in the
mRNA
ribosomes
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Ans✅✅: Translation is carried out on _______, with tRNAs serving as
adaptors.
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, plus other proteins
Ans✅✅: Proteins synthesis involves interactions between?
tRNAs
Ans✅✅: these align amino acids with corresponding condons on the mRNA
template. They are 70-80 nucleotides long and have characteristic
cloverleaf structures resulting from base pairing between different
regions.
L shapes
Ans✅✅: All tRNAs fold into compact?
terminal adenosine
Ans✅✅: CCA at the 3' terminus, and amino acids are covalently
attached to the ribose of the?
anticodon loop
Ans✅✅: The _______ binds to the appropriate codon by complementary
base pairing
aminoacyl tRNA synthetases
Ans✅✅: Attachment of amino acids to specific tRNAs: by enzymes?
amino acid join AMP- form aminoacyl AMP, and Amino acid is transferred to the
3' CCA terminus of the tRNA and AMP is released
Ans✅✅: Each of 20 enzymes recognizes a single amino acid, and correct
tRNA. Attachment occurs in 2 steps that are?
complementary base pairing
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 3
Ans✅✅: The amino acid is aligned on the mRNA template by?
codon
Ans✅✅: Most amino acids are specified by more than one?
non-strandard base pairing (wobble)
Ans✅✅: Some tRNAs can recognize more than one mRNA codon, as a result
of _______ at the 3rd codon position
G with U, inosine (I) to pair with U, C, or A.
Ans✅✅: Wobble allows?
inosine
Ans✅✅: Guanosine is modified to ____ in the anticodons of some tRNAs
Ribosomes
Ans✅✅: These are named according to their sedimentation rates in
ultra-centrifugation
70S
Ans✅✅: For bacterial ribosome
80S
Ans✅✅: For eukaryotic ribosomes?
rRNA and proteins
Ans✅✅: Ribosomes have two subunits and contains?
vitro
Pretest - Stuvia US
Molecular Cell Biology Chapter 9
Questions and Correct Answers
Translation
Ans✅✅: The synthesis of proteins as directed by mRNA templates. Is
only the first step in the formation of a functional protein. Polypeptide
chains must fold into appropriate conformations and often undergo various
processing steps, sorting, and transport.
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Ans✅✅: Gene expression is regulated at the level of translation in
both?
cell behavior
Ans✅✅: There are also multiple controls on the amounts and activities
of intracellular proteins, which ultimately regulate all aspects of cell
behavior
mRNA templates
Ans✅✅: Proteins are synthesized form _____ by a process that has been
highly conserved throughout evolution.
amino to the carboxyl terminus
Ans✅✅: All mRNAs are read in the 5' to 3' direction, and polypeptide
chains are synthesized form the?
codon
Ans✅✅: Each amino acid is specified by three bases a _____ in the
mRNA
ribosomes
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
Ans✅✅: Translation is carried out on _______, with tRNAs serving as
adaptors.
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, plus other proteins
Ans✅✅: Proteins synthesis involves interactions between?
tRNAs
Ans✅✅: these align amino acids with corresponding condons on the mRNA
template. They are 70-80 nucleotides long and have characteristic
cloverleaf structures resulting from base pairing between different
regions.
L shapes
Ans✅✅: All tRNAs fold into compact?
terminal adenosine
Ans✅✅: CCA at the 3' terminus, and amino acids are covalently
attached to the ribose of the?
anticodon loop
Ans✅✅: The _______ binds to the appropriate codon by complementary
base pairing
aminoacyl tRNA synthetases
Ans✅✅: Attachment of amino acids to specific tRNAs: by enzymes?
amino acid join AMP- form aminoacyl AMP, and Amino acid is transferred to the
3' CCA terminus of the tRNA and AMP is released
Ans✅✅: Each of 20 enzymes recognizes a single amino acid, and correct
tRNA. Attachment occurs in 2 steps that are?
complementary base pairing
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 3
Ans✅✅: The amino acid is aligned on the mRNA template by?
codon
Ans✅✅: Most amino acids are specified by more than one?
non-strandard base pairing (wobble)
Ans✅✅: Some tRNAs can recognize more than one mRNA codon, as a result
of _______ at the 3rd codon position
G with U, inosine (I) to pair with U, C, or A.
Ans✅✅: Wobble allows?
inosine
Ans✅✅: Guanosine is modified to ____ in the anticodons of some tRNAs
Ribosomes
Ans✅✅: These are named according to their sedimentation rates in
ultra-centrifugation
70S
Ans✅✅: For bacterial ribosome
80S
Ans✅✅: For eukaryotic ribosomes?
rRNA and proteins
Ans✅✅: Ribosomes have two subunits and contains?
vitro
Pretest - Stuvia US
