Critical Inquiry in Nursing - Final Exam
Study Guide Question and answers
already passed 2025/2026
Basic research - correct answer Extends the base of knowledge in a
discipline, or to reformulate or refine a theory. Used to discover general
principles of human behavior.
Bench research - correct answer Any research done in a controlled lab
setting using nonhuman subjects. Focus = understanding cellular and
molecular mechanisms that underlie a disease or disease process.
Applied research - correct answer Seeks solutions to existing problems and
tends to be of greater immediate utilize for evidence-based practice.
Research - correct answer Systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods
to answer questions or solve problems. To develop, refine and expand
knowledge.
Nursing research - correct answer Systematic inquiry designed to develop
trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to the nursing profession,
including nursing practice, education, administration and informatics.
Paradigm - correct answer World view, general perspective on the
complexities of the world.
Ontologic paradigm - correct answer Dealing with the nature of being, what
we know.
, Epistemologic - correct answer The study of knowledge. "How we know what
we know."
Axialogical - correct answer Philosophical study of value. What role do values
play in subject matter?
Methodological - correct answer How the research should be conducted.
Research designed to develop or refine methods of obtainings, organizing or
analyzing data.
Positivist - correct answer The idea that there is an objective reality that
exists independent of human observation and thought, waiting to be studied.
Involves determinism, that phenomena are not haphazard, but rather have
antecedent causes.
Postpositivist - correct answer Researchers still subscribe to the idea of an
independent reality, but recognize the impossibility of pure objectivity.
Constructivist (naturalistic) - correct answer Reality isn't a fixed entity but
rather a construction of the individuals participating in the research. Reality
exists in a context and many constructions are possible. Includes relativism: If
there are multiple interpretations of reality that exist in people's minds, then
there is no process by which the ultimate truth or falsity of the constructions
can be determined.
Critical-social approach - correct answer Action oriented, aims to integrate
theory and practice so people become aware of contradictions and disparities
in their beliefs and social practices, and become inspired to change them.
Calls for inquires that foster enlightened self-knowledge and sociopolitical
action. Involves self-reflection.
Study Guide Question and answers
already passed 2025/2026
Basic research - correct answer Extends the base of knowledge in a
discipline, or to reformulate or refine a theory. Used to discover general
principles of human behavior.
Bench research - correct answer Any research done in a controlled lab
setting using nonhuman subjects. Focus = understanding cellular and
molecular mechanisms that underlie a disease or disease process.
Applied research - correct answer Seeks solutions to existing problems and
tends to be of greater immediate utilize for evidence-based practice.
Research - correct answer Systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods
to answer questions or solve problems. To develop, refine and expand
knowledge.
Nursing research - correct answer Systematic inquiry designed to develop
trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to the nursing profession,
including nursing practice, education, administration and informatics.
Paradigm - correct answer World view, general perspective on the
complexities of the world.
Ontologic paradigm - correct answer Dealing with the nature of being, what
we know.
, Epistemologic - correct answer The study of knowledge. "How we know what
we know."
Axialogical - correct answer Philosophical study of value. What role do values
play in subject matter?
Methodological - correct answer How the research should be conducted.
Research designed to develop or refine methods of obtainings, organizing or
analyzing data.
Positivist - correct answer The idea that there is an objective reality that
exists independent of human observation and thought, waiting to be studied.
Involves determinism, that phenomena are not haphazard, but rather have
antecedent causes.
Postpositivist - correct answer Researchers still subscribe to the idea of an
independent reality, but recognize the impossibility of pure objectivity.
Constructivist (naturalistic) - correct answer Reality isn't a fixed entity but
rather a construction of the individuals participating in the research. Reality
exists in a context and many constructions are possible. Includes relativism: If
there are multiple interpretations of reality that exist in people's minds, then
there is no process by which the ultimate truth or falsity of the constructions
can be determined.
Critical-social approach - correct answer Action oriented, aims to integrate
theory and practice so people become aware of contradictions and disparities
in their beliefs and social practices, and become inspired to change them.
Calls for inquires that foster enlightened self-knowledge and sociopolitical
action. Involves self-reflection.
