EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN
BIOLOGY – PRINCIPLES, EXAMPLES
& STUDY GUIDE VERIFIED 2025/2026
Independent Variable - correct answer-The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable
whose effect is being studied
Dependent Variable - correct answer-The outcome factor; the variable that may change in
response to manipulations of the independent variable
Constants - correct answer-Factors in an experiment that stay the same
Hypothesis - correct answer-A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more
variables
Repeated Trials - correct answer-A repetition of an experiment to gather additional data and
determine whether the experiment's results support the hypothesis
Control - correct answer-In an experiment, the standard that is used for comparison
Quantitative Data - correct answer-Data that is represented by measurements or counting.
(height, weight, length, width, mass, etc.)
Qualitative Data - correct answer-Data that are distinguished by qualities or attributes that cannot
or are not expressed as quantities. (color, physical traits, smell, taste, sound, touch, etc.)
Improvement - correct answer-A designed change that could have made the experiment more
accurate.
Biology - correct answer-The science that studies living organisms
Homeostasis - correct answer-A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry(such as blood glucose, body temperature, thirst, etc.)
around a particular level
Levels of Biological Organization - correct answer-Cell--Tissue--Organ--Organ System--
Organism
Bar Graph - correct answer-A graph that uses either vertical or horizontal bars to display
countable data
Line Graph - correct answer-A graph that uses points connected by lines to show how something
changes in value
Experimental Design - correct answer-A design in which researchers manipulate an independent
variable and measure a dependent variable to determine a cause-and-effect relationship
BIOLOGY – PRINCIPLES, EXAMPLES
& STUDY GUIDE VERIFIED 2025/2026
Independent Variable - correct answer-The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable
whose effect is being studied
Dependent Variable - correct answer-The outcome factor; the variable that may change in
response to manipulations of the independent variable
Constants - correct answer-Factors in an experiment that stay the same
Hypothesis - correct answer-A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more
variables
Repeated Trials - correct answer-A repetition of an experiment to gather additional data and
determine whether the experiment's results support the hypothesis
Control - correct answer-In an experiment, the standard that is used for comparison
Quantitative Data - correct answer-Data that is represented by measurements or counting.
(height, weight, length, width, mass, etc.)
Qualitative Data - correct answer-Data that are distinguished by qualities or attributes that cannot
or are not expressed as quantities. (color, physical traits, smell, taste, sound, touch, etc.)
Improvement - correct answer-A designed change that could have made the experiment more
accurate.
Biology - correct answer-The science that studies living organisms
Homeostasis - correct answer-A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry(such as blood glucose, body temperature, thirst, etc.)
around a particular level
Levels of Biological Organization - correct answer-Cell--Tissue--Organ--Organ System--
Organism
Bar Graph - correct answer-A graph that uses either vertical or horizontal bars to display
countable data
Line Graph - correct answer-A graph that uses points connected by lines to show how something
changes in value
Experimental Design - correct answer-A design in which researchers manipulate an independent
variable and measure a dependent variable to determine a cause-and-effect relationship
