ESTUDYR
NUR 6130 EXAM 2 | PRACTICE QUESTION BANK |
2025–2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT
Question 1
A 6-year-old presents with fever, sore throat, and a fine “sandpaper-like” rash on the trunk. The tongue
is red and bumpy (“strawberry tongue”).
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Viral pharyngitis
b) Scarlet fever ✅
c) Kawasaki disease
d) Measles
Rationale: Scarlet fever = strep pharyngitis + sandpaper rash + strawberry tongue. Kawasaki presents
with rash + conjunctivitis + mucosal changes, but usually in younger children.
Question 2
A 15-year-old male presents with knee pain and swelling after a soccer injury. On exam, he has joint
effusion and limited range of motion.
The best initial imaging study is:
a) CT scan
b) Plain X-ray of the knee ✅
c) MRI of the knee
d) Ultrasound of the knee
Rationale: X-ray is first-line for suspected fracture or bony injury. MRI is reserved if ligament/meniscus
injury is suspected after negative X-ray.
Question 3
A 12-year-old girl presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Random glucose = 350 mg/dL.
What is the most appropriate immediate management?
a) Oral hypoglycemic agents
b) Initiate insulin therapy ✅
,ESTUDYR
c) Restrict carbohydrate intake
d) Start metformin and monitor
Rationale: New-onset Type 1 Diabetes in a child requires insulin therapy immediately. Oral meds are
ineffective.
Question 4
A 16-year-old female reports irregular menses since menarche, acne, and excessive hair growth. BMI =
31.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Cushing syndrome
b) Hypothyroidism
c) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ✅
d) Turner syndrome
Rationale: PCOS presents with irregular cycles, hyperandrogenism (acne, hirsutism), and obesity.
Question 5
A 2-year-old presents with a barky cough, stridor, and low-grade fever.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
a) Oral antibiotics
b) Nebulized epinephrine and corticosteroids ✅
c) Bronchodilators
d) Antihistamines
Rationale: This is croup (laryngotracheobronchitis). First-line management: nebulized epinephrine +
steroids.
Question 6
A 7-year-old has pallor, fatigue, and pica (eating dirt). Labs: Hgb 8 g/dL, MCV 70.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Thalassemia
b) Iron deficiency anemia ✅
c) Aplastic anemia
d) Sickle cell disease
, ESTUDYR
Rationale: Microcytic anemia + low hemoglobin + pica strongly suggest iron deficiency anemia.
Question 7
A 14-year-old presents with dyspnea and wheezing after exercise. Symptoms resolve with rest.
What is the best initial management?
a) Daily oral steroids
b) Albuterol inhaler before exercise ✅
c) Daily long-acting beta-agonist
d) Montelukast
Rationale: Exercise-induced asthma is treated with short-acting beta agonist (albuterol) prior to
exercise.
Question 8
A 4-year-old presents with ear pain, fever, and a bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane.
What is the best management?
a) Watchful waiting only
b) High-dose amoxicillin ✅
c) Topical ear drops
d) Azithromycin
Rationale: First-line for acute otitis media = high-dose amoxicillin (unless allergy).
Question 9
A 5-year-old boy is diagnosed with ADHD. His mother asks about treatment options.
Which medication is first-line?
a) SSRI
b) Antipsychotics
c) Stimulants (methylphenidate/amphetamine) ✅
d) Benzodiazepines
Rationale: Stimulants are first-line for ADHD. SSRIs treat anxiety/depression.
NUR 6130 EXAM 2 | PRACTICE QUESTION BANK |
2025–2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT
Question 1
A 6-year-old presents with fever, sore throat, and a fine “sandpaper-like” rash on the trunk. The tongue
is red and bumpy (“strawberry tongue”).
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Viral pharyngitis
b) Scarlet fever ✅
c) Kawasaki disease
d) Measles
Rationale: Scarlet fever = strep pharyngitis + sandpaper rash + strawberry tongue. Kawasaki presents
with rash + conjunctivitis + mucosal changes, but usually in younger children.
Question 2
A 15-year-old male presents with knee pain and swelling after a soccer injury. On exam, he has joint
effusion and limited range of motion.
The best initial imaging study is:
a) CT scan
b) Plain X-ray of the knee ✅
c) MRI of the knee
d) Ultrasound of the knee
Rationale: X-ray is first-line for suspected fracture or bony injury. MRI is reserved if ligament/meniscus
injury is suspected after negative X-ray.
Question 3
A 12-year-old girl presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Random glucose = 350 mg/dL.
What is the most appropriate immediate management?
a) Oral hypoglycemic agents
b) Initiate insulin therapy ✅
,ESTUDYR
c) Restrict carbohydrate intake
d) Start metformin and monitor
Rationale: New-onset Type 1 Diabetes in a child requires insulin therapy immediately. Oral meds are
ineffective.
Question 4
A 16-year-old female reports irregular menses since menarche, acne, and excessive hair growth. BMI =
31.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Cushing syndrome
b) Hypothyroidism
c) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ✅
d) Turner syndrome
Rationale: PCOS presents with irregular cycles, hyperandrogenism (acne, hirsutism), and obesity.
Question 5
A 2-year-old presents with a barky cough, stridor, and low-grade fever.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
a) Oral antibiotics
b) Nebulized epinephrine and corticosteroids ✅
c) Bronchodilators
d) Antihistamines
Rationale: This is croup (laryngotracheobronchitis). First-line management: nebulized epinephrine +
steroids.
Question 6
A 7-year-old has pallor, fatigue, and pica (eating dirt). Labs: Hgb 8 g/dL, MCV 70.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Thalassemia
b) Iron deficiency anemia ✅
c) Aplastic anemia
d) Sickle cell disease
, ESTUDYR
Rationale: Microcytic anemia + low hemoglobin + pica strongly suggest iron deficiency anemia.
Question 7
A 14-year-old presents with dyspnea and wheezing after exercise. Symptoms resolve with rest.
What is the best initial management?
a) Daily oral steroids
b) Albuterol inhaler before exercise ✅
c) Daily long-acting beta-agonist
d) Montelukast
Rationale: Exercise-induced asthma is treated with short-acting beta agonist (albuterol) prior to
exercise.
Question 8
A 4-year-old presents with ear pain, fever, and a bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane.
What is the best management?
a) Watchful waiting only
b) High-dose amoxicillin ✅
c) Topical ear drops
d) Azithromycin
Rationale: First-line for acute otitis media = high-dose amoxicillin (unless allergy).
Question 9
A 5-year-old boy is diagnosed with ADHD. His mother asks about treatment options.
Which medication is first-line?
a) SSRI
b) Antipsychotics
c) Stimulants (methylphenidate/amphetamine) ✅
d) Benzodiazepines
Rationale: Stimulants are first-line for ADHD. SSRIs treat anxiety/depression.
