Community HESI Study Guide exam \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
with correct answers \|/\\// \|/\\//
Scopolamine (Transderm-V) - correct answer✔✔Medication used to control motion sickness. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Must be taken prior to the onset of nausea and vomiting. Most effective if taken 12 hours
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
before expected travel or activity. Skin patch is applied behind the ear.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Indirect transmission - correct answer✔✔Involves the spread of infection through an
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. Example: contracting malaria \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
following exposure in a mosquito-infested area. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Direct transmission - correct answer✔✔The spread of an infection through person-to-person
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Windshield survey - correct answer✔✔Making systematic observations from a moving vehicle. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
The nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes, stores, churches, air quality, etc.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
which gives the nurse the best initial overview of the residents and a sense of their
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
community. Gives nurse impression of the type of housing, the approximate age of the \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
housing, and the condition of the housing and yards. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Secondary Prevention - correct answer✔✔Health screenings are a mainstay of this type of \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
prevention which focuses on health promotion. Screenings aid in early detection/diagnosis \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and treatment of disease. Implementing interventions aimed at a cure or reducing the
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
progress of a disease. Focuses on reducing the intensity and duration of a crisis. Example: PAP
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Smear
Primary prevention - correct answer✔✔Health-promoting activities (immunizations, wearing
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
protective devices to prevent injury, education about health promotion activities) designed to \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
reduce the potential for illness before it occurs, such as immunizations. Keeping the crisis
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
from occurring. Examples: Use of barrier contraceptives, vaccinations.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
,Tertiary prevention - correct answer✔✔Includes interventions aimed at disability limitation
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability. Minimizes the consequences of a disorder
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
or illness once it has developed through aggressive management or rehabilitation. Also
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
applies to disaster relief efforts involving the reduction of the amount and degree of disability,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
injury, and damage after a crisis. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Home health visits - correct answer✔✔Scheduled during daylight hours to ensure safety of
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
the client and the nurse, identification name tag are required to be worn during client care,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
visits can be made with another home care provider.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Health conditions related to the growth of industrial workforce - correct answer✔✔Asthma
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and lung cancer are triggered or worsened by airborne substances, such as tobacco smoke,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
ozone, and other particles and/or chemicals. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Goals - correct answer✔✔Intended to be expressed in specific outcomes that provide
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
direction toward interventions and determine change in measurable terms. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Outcome statements - correct answer✔✔Include past or present events with specific \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
quantitative expectations with a time frame. Example: Within 2 years, students with a body \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
mass index greater than 95% will be reduced by 50%.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Lillian Wald - correct answer✔✔Known for her work in public health. She developed the first
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
nursing service for occupational health, established The Associated Alumnae of Training
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Schools for Nurses-later developed into the ANA and the NLN, and instituted a sliding scale
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
fee for service.
\|/\\// \|/\\//
Low-birth weight infants - correct answer✔✔The incidence is twice as high for African- \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
American births than Caucasian births. This is an example of a non-modifiable risk factor of \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
ethnicity.
, Modifiable risk factors - correct answer✔✔Examples are cigarette smoking, poor nutritional
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
status, and limited education. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Data useful in developing community healthcare plans - correct answer✔✔Census data, risk
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
management, budgeting process information, client satisfaction surveys, and data about \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
changes in the community's demographics. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Health People 20/20 - correct answer✔✔Leading health indicators: reduced cigarette
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
smoking, exercising for 30 minutes a day, access to health services, improving social
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
determinants (graduating high school). \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease - correct answer✔✔Include nonmodifiable variables,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
such as gender, family history, and race, and modifiable variables, such as underlying diseases
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and stress. \|/\\//
Lifestyle changes to manage hypertension - correct answer✔✔In order of effectiveness:
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Weight loss, DASH diet, salt restriction, and avoiding alcohol.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Physical characteristics of aging that contributes to developing decubitus ulcers - correct
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
answer✔✔Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Transtheoretical Model - correct answer✔✔Assesses an individual's readiness to act on a \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
new healthier behavior, and provides stategies, or processes of change to guide the individual
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
through the stages of change: Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Action, Maintenance, and Termination. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Pre-contemplation - correct answer✔✔Not yet acknowledging there is a problem. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
with correct answers \|/\\// \|/\\//
Scopolamine (Transderm-V) - correct answer✔✔Medication used to control motion sickness. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Must be taken prior to the onset of nausea and vomiting. Most effective if taken 12 hours
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
before expected travel or activity. Skin patch is applied behind the ear.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Indirect transmission - correct answer✔✔Involves the spread of infection through an
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. Example: contracting malaria \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
following exposure in a mosquito-infested area. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Direct transmission - correct answer✔✔The spread of an infection through person-to-person
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Windshield survey - correct answer✔✔Making systematic observations from a moving vehicle. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
The nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes, stores, churches, air quality, etc.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
which gives the nurse the best initial overview of the residents and a sense of their
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
community. Gives nurse impression of the type of housing, the approximate age of the \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
housing, and the condition of the housing and yards. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Secondary Prevention - correct answer✔✔Health screenings are a mainstay of this type of \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
prevention which focuses on health promotion. Screenings aid in early detection/diagnosis \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and treatment of disease. Implementing interventions aimed at a cure or reducing the
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
progress of a disease. Focuses on reducing the intensity and duration of a crisis. Example: PAP
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Smear
Primary prevention - correct answer✔✔Health-promoting activities (immunizations, wearing
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
protective devices to prevent injury, education about health promotion activities) designed to \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
reduce the potential for illness before it occurs, such as immunizations. Keeping the crisis
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
from occurring. Examples: Use of barrier contraceptives, vaccinations.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
,Tertiary prevention - correct answer✔✔Includes interventions aimed at disability limitation
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability. Minimizes the consequences of a disorder
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
or illness once it has developed through aggressive management or rehabilitation. Also
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
applies to disaster relief efforts involving the reduction of the amount and degree of disability,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
injury, and damage after a crisis. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Home health visits - correct answer✔✔Scheduled during daylight hours to ensure safety of
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
the client and the nurse, identification name tag are required to be worn during client care,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
visits can be made with another home care provider.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Health conditions related to the growth of industrial workforce - correct answer✔✔Asthma
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and lung cancer are triggered or worsened by airborne substances, such as tobacco smoke,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
ozone, and other particles and/or chemicals. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Goals - correct answer✔✔Intended to be expressed in specific outcomes that provide
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
direction toward interventions and determine change in measurable terms. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Outcome statements - correct answer✔✔Include past or present events with specific \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
quantitative expectations with a time frame. Example: Within 2 years, students with a body \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
mass index greater than 95% will be reduced by 50%.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Lillian Wald - correct answer✔✔Known for her work in public health. She developed the first
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
nursing service for occupational health, established The Associated Alumnae of Training
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Schools for Nurses-later developed into the ANA and the NLN, and instituted a sliding scale
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
fee for service.
\|/\\// \|/\\//
Low-birth weight infants - correct answer✔✔The incidence is twice as high for African- \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
American births than Caucasian births. This is an example of a non-modifiable risk factor of \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
ethnicity.
, Modifiable risk factors - correct answer✔✔Examples are cigarette smoking, poor nutritional
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
status, and limited education. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Data useful in developing community healthcare plans - correct answer✔✔Census data, risk
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
management, budgeting process information, client satisfaction surveys, and data about \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
changes in the community's demographics. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Health People 20/20 - correct answer✔✔Leading health indicators: reduced cigarette
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
smoking, exercising for 30 minutes a day, access to health services, improving social
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
determinants (graduating high school). \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease - correct answer✔✔Include nonmodifiable variables,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
such as gender, family history, and race, and modifiable variables, such as underlying diseases
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
and stress. \|/\\//
Lifestyle changes to manage hypertension - correct answer✔✔In order of effectiveness:
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Weight loss, DASH diet, salt restriction, and avoiding alcohol.
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Physical characteristics of aging that contributes to developing decubitus ulcers - correct
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
answer✔✔Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Transtheoretical Model - correct answer✔✔Assesses an individual's readiness to act on a \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
new healthier behavior, and provides stategies, or processes of change to guide the individual
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
through the stages of change: Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation,
\|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Action, Maintenance, and Termination. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
Pre-contemplation - correct answer✔✔Not yet acknowledging there is a problem. \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\// \|/\\//
