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Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE r4
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the
r4 r4 r 4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
lungsi s known as which of the following?
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. External respiration r4
b. Internal respiration r4
c. Spontaneous ventilation r 4
d. Mechanical ventilation r 4
ANS: C r4
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would be
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
exchang e of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4
alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration
r4 r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
occurs at the cellul ar level and involves movement ofoxygen
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
from the systemic blood i nto the cells.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. Red blood cells and body cells r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
b. Scalenes and trapezius r4 r4
muscles r4
c. Alveoli and pulmonary r4 r4
capillaries r4
d. External oblique and r4 r4
transverse abdominal r4 r4
muscles r4
ANS: C r4
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbond
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Int
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ernal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
r4movemen t of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiratio
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
n. External oblique and transverse abdominal musclesare
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
accesso ry muscles of expiration.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
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DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
during normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
of the f ollowing?
r4 r4 r4 r4
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B r4
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
fr om about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
10 cm H2O atend-
r4 r4 r4
inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
from -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 4 r4
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
.
a. - 1 cm H2O r4 r4 r4
b. + 1 cm H2O r4 r4 r4
c. 0 cm H2O r4 r4
d. 5 cm H2O r4 r4
ANS: A r4
-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during nor
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
mal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
+1cm H2O.
r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
which of the following?
r 4 r4 r4 r4
a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) r4 r4 r 4
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) r4 r4
c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) r 4 r 4
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d. Transpulmonary r 4 pressure r 4 (PL)
ANS: D r4
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure requi
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
red to maintain alveolar inflation. Transairway pressure (PTA )is
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4
the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducting
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
tub es. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate
r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
the lun gs and airways during positive pressure ventilation.
r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
Transthoracic p ressure (PTT) represents the pressure required
r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r4 r 4 r4 r 4
to expand or contrac t the lungs and the chest wall at thesame
r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
time.
r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
6. Calculate the pressure needed to overcome airway resistance d
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
uring positive pressure ventilation when the proximal airway pre
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ssure (PAw) is 35 cm H2O and the alveolar pressure (PA) is 5
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
cmH2O.
r4
a. 7 cm H2O r4 r4
b. 30 cm H2O r4 r4
c. 40 cm H2O r4 r4
d. 175 cm H2O r4 r4
ANS: B r4
The transairway pressure (PTA ) is used to calculate the pressurere
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
quired to overcome airway resistance during mechanical ventilati
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
on. This formula is PTA = Paw - PA.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4
DIF: 2 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
7. The term used to describe the tendency of a structure to return
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
toit s original form after being stretched or acted on by an outside
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
force is which of the following?
r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. Elastance
b. Compliance
c. Viscous resistance r4
d. Distending pressure r4
,https://www.stuvia.com/
Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE r4
1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the
r4 r4 r 4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
lungsi s known as which of the following?
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. External respiration r4
b. Internal respiration r4
c. Spontaneous ventilation r 4
d. Mechanical ventilation r 4
ANS: C r4
The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would be
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
exchang e of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4
alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration
r4 r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
occurs at the cellul ar level and involves movement ofoxygen
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
from the systemic blood i nto the cells.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. Red blood cells and body cells r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
b. Scalenes and trapezius r4 r4
muscles r4
c. Alveoli and pulmonary r4 r4
capillaries r4
d. External oblique and r4 r4
transverse abdominal r4 r4
muscles r4
ANS: C r4
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbond
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Int
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ernal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
r4movemen t of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiratio
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
n. External oblique and transverse abdominal musclesare
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
accesso ry muscles of expiration.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
,https://www.stuvia.com/
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
during normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
of the f ollowing?
r4 r4 r4 r4
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANS: B r4
During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
fr om about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
10 cm H2O atend-
r4 r4 r4
inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
from -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 4 r4
4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4
.
a. - 1 cm H2O r4 r4 r4
b. + 1 cm H2O r4 r4 r4
c. 0 cm H2O r4 r4
d. 5 cm H2O r4 r4
ANS: A r4
-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during nor
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
mal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
+1cm H2O.
r4 r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
which of the following?
r 4 r4 r4 r4
a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) r4 r4 r 4
b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) r4 r4
c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) r 4 r 4
,https://www.stuvia.com/
d. Transpulmonary r 4 pressure r 4 (PL)
ANS: D r4
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure requi
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
red to maintain alveolar inflation. Transairway pressure (PTA )is
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4
the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the conducting
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
tub es. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate
r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
the lun gs and airways during positive pressure ventilation.
r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
Transthoracic p ressure (PTT) represents the pressure required
r4 r4 r 4 r 4 r4 r 4 r4 r 4
to expand or contrac t the lungs and the chest wall at thesame
r 4 r 4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
time.
r4
DIF: 1 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
6. Calculate the pressure needed to overcome airway resistance d
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
uring positive pressure ventilation when the proximal airway pre
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
ssure (PAw) is 35 cm H2O and the alveolar pressure (PA) is 5
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
cmH2O.
r4
a. 7 cm H2O r4 r4
b. 30 cm H2O r4 r4
c. 40 cm H2O r4 r4
d. 175 cm H2O r4 r4
ANS: B r4
The transairway pressure (PTA ) is used to calculate the pressurere
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
quired to overcome airway resistance during mechanical ventilati
r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
on. This formula is PTA = Paw - PA.
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4
DIF: 2 REF: r 4 pg. 3 r4
7. The term used to describe the tendency of a structure to return
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
toit s original form after being stretched or acted on by an outside
r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4 r4
force is which of the following?
r4 r 4 r4 r4 r4 r4
a. Elastance
b. Compliance
c. Viscous resistance r4
d. Distending pressure r4
