PSYC 300 Exam 1 (Ch 1-4) QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

PSYC 300 Exam 1 (Ch 1-4) QUESTIONS
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WITH ANSWERS |\




Chapter 1: Introduction |\ |\ |\




Scientific Method 4 Steps - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. observe
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phenomenon (identify variables important in explaining |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


behaviors)
2. formulate explanations (initial observations allow you to
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develop a hypothesis about the variables identified)
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3. further observing and experimenting (detailed observations of
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behavior of interest, directly testing hypothesis)
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4. Refining and Retesting explanations (supported hypotheses are
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refined and subject to further exploration) disconfirmed
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hypothesis may be reworked and retested |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Induction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔single observations, research
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hypothesis, theories |\




social issues (applied research)
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everyday observation |\




Deduction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔theories, research
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hypothesis, single observations |\ |\




testing a theory
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,modifying prior research |\ |\




Descriptive Research (lecture) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔No |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


hypothesis
-observations and surveys |\ |\




-provides a SNAPSHOT of feelings, thoughts, behaviors at a given
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place/time
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-example: political elections, opinion on same sex marriages
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The Research Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔specific and
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testable research question, predicts a relationship between
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variables |\




-correlational (predictor, outcome), experimental (independent, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


dependent)
-falsifiable


Behavioral Research - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔discover how |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


people perceive their world and how they think and feel, how
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they change over time, learn make decisions, interact with other
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study to understand it and because they want to contribute to
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creating solutions for everyday problems
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Spurious relationship - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔when a third
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variable may contribute to the relationship between x and y but x
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and y actually do not have any relationship but inferred that
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they do b/c of unseen 3rd variable
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, - self esteem--> gpa
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-third variable may also effect this such as row in class.
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Empirical - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔based on systematic
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collection and data analysis where data is drawn through formal
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observation and measurement |\ |\




Hindsight Bias - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the tendency to believe
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that we could have predicted something that we probably could
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not have predicted
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Objective - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔free from personal bias or
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emotions of the scientist |\ |\ |\




applies to more than one person
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Research report - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔document that presents
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scientific findings using a standardized research report
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Basic Research - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔answers fundamental
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questions about behavior |\ |\




how nerves conduct impulses from the receptors in the skin to
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the brain |\