Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Chapter 1: Pediatric Primary Care
Chapter 1 – Primary Care versus Primary Prevention
Definition & Scope of Pediatric Primary Care
Stem: A 6-month-old infant comes for a routine well visit. The
nurse explains the role of primary care to the parents. Which
statement best captures the difference between primary care
and primary prevention?
A. Primary care is exclusively episodic treatment; primary
prevention means community health programs only.
B. Primary care provides continuous, comprehensive health
services; primary prevention focuses on actions to prevent
disease before it occurs.
C. Primary care and primary prevention are interchangeable
terms.
D. Primary care is only for acute care, while primary prevention
is only for immunizations.
Answer: B
,Correct rationale: Primary care encompasses continuous,
comprehensive services (health supervision, acute and chronic
care, coordination); primary prevention is specific interventions
(e.g., immunizations, safety counseling) to prevent disease. This
distinction is taught in Burns, Ch. 1, Pediatric Primary Care —
scope and preventative framework. Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Primary care is not exclusively episodic; it
includes well-child care and chronic management.
C — Incorrect: The terms are related but not synonymous; one
is a care delivery model, the other a prevention level.
D — Incorrect: Primary care includes acute and preventive
services, not only acute care.
Teaching point: Primary care = ongoing, comprehensive care;
primary prevention = preventing disease before it occurs.
2
Mapping: Chapter 1 — Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
— Anticipatory Guidance
Stem: A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a
2-year-old. Which teaching best exemplifies primary
prevention?
A. Teach the parents how to use an albuterol inhaler for future
wheeze.
B. Counsel on using rear-facing car seats until age 2.
,C. Instruct on when to schedule a referral to pediatric surgery.
D. Provide instructions about performing wound care after a
laceration.
Answer: B
Correct rationale: Counseling about car seat safety is a primary
prevention strategy to reduce injury risk before an event. Burns
emphasizes anticipatory guidance as a core preventive function
of pediatric primary care (Ch. 1, Primary
Prevention/Anticipatory Guidance). Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Teaching albuterol use is tertiary/secondary
(management of an existing or expected condition), not primary
prevention.
C — Incorrect: Referral scheduling is care coordination, not
primary prevention.
D — Incorrect: Wound care is a treatment (secondary/tertiary),
not prevention.
Teaching point: Anticipatory guidance prevents injury/illness by
addressing risks before they occur.
3
Mapping: Chapter 1 — Unique Issues in Pediatrics — Growth &
Development Surveillance
Stem: During a 9-month well visit, the nurse documents head-
circumference crossing from 50th to 10th percentile over two
, visits. What is the nurse’s best next action?
A. Reassure parents this is normal and discontinue further
monitoring.
B. Ignore growth charts because percentiles are not helpful in
infancy.
C. Reassess measurement technique, review nutrition and
development, and plan closer follow-up or referral as indicated.
D. Immediately order a CT scan of the head.
Answer: C
Correct rationale: A significant percentile shift warrants
verifying measurement accuracy, assessing feeding and
developmental progress, and arranging closer follow-up or
referral; Burns highlights growth tracking and appropriate
escalation in Ch. 1, Growth Surveillance. Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Sudden percentile drops require evaluation, not
reassurance alone.
B — Incorrect: Growth charts are essential tools in pediatric
assessment.
D — Incorrect: CT is not first-line without other red flags; clinical
assessment and targeted tests should guide imaging.
Teaching point: Verify measurements and escalate
appropriately when growth percentiles change significantly.
4
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Chapter 1: Pediatric Primary Care
Chapter 1 – Primary Care versus Primary Prevention
Definition & Scope of Pediatric Primary Care
Stem: A 6-month-old infant comes for a routine well visit. The
nurse explains the role of primary care to the parents. Which
statement best captures the difference between primary care
and primary prevention?
A. Primary care is exclusively episodic treatment; primary
prevention means community health programs only.
B. Primary care provides continuous, comprehensive health
services; primary prevention focuses on actions to prevent
disease before it occurs.
C. Primary care and primary prevention are interchangeable
terms.
D. Primary care is only for acute care, while primary prevention
is only for immunizations.
Answer: B
,Correct rationale: Primary care encompasses continuous,
comprehensive services (health supervision, acute and chronic
care, coordination); primary prevention is specific interventions
(e.g., immunizations, safety counseling) to prevent disease. This
distinction is taught in Burns, Ch. 1, Pediatric Primary Care —
scope and preventative framework. Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Primary care is not exclusively episodic; it
includes well-child care and chronic management.
C — Incorrect: The terms are related but not synonymous; one
is a care delivery model, the other a prevention level.
D — Incorrect: Primary care includes acute and preventive
services, not only acute care.
Teaching point: Primary care = ongoing, comprehensive care;
primary prevention = preventing disease before it occurs.
2
Mapping: Chapter 1 — Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
— Anticipatory Guidance
Stem: A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a
2-year-old. Which teaching best exemplifies primary
prevention?
A. Teach the parents how to use an albuterol inhaler for future
wheeze.
B. Counsel on using rear-facing car seats until age 2.
,C. Instruct on when to schedule a referral to pediatric surgery.
D. Provide instructions about performing wound care after a
laceration.
Answer: B
Correct rationale: Counseling about car seat safety is a primary
prevention strategy to reduce injury risk before an event. Burns
emphasizes anticipatory guidance as a core preventive function
of pediatric primary care (Ch. 1, Primary
Prevention/Anticipatory Guidance). Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Teaching albuterol use is tertiary/secondary
(management of an existing or expected condition), not primary
prevention.
C — Incorrect: Referral scheduling is care coordination, not
primary prevention.
D — Incorrect: Wound care is a treatment (secondary/tertiary),
not prevention.
Teaching point: Anticipatory guidance prevents injury/illness by
addressing risks before they occur.
3
Mapping: Chapter 1 — Unique Issues in Pediatrics — Growth &
Development Surveillance
Stem: During a 9-month well visit, the nurse documents head-
circumference crossing from 50th to 10th percentile over two
, visits. What is the nurse’s best next action?
A. Reassure parents this is normal and discontinue further
monitoring.
B. Ignore growth charts because percentiles are not helpful in
infancy.
C. Reassess measurement technique, review nutrition and
development, and plan closer follow-up or referral as indicated.
D. Immediately order a CT scan of the head.
Answer: C
Correct rationale: A significant percentile shift warrants
verifying measurement accuracy, assessing feeding and
developmental progress, and arranging closer follow-up or
referral; Burns highlights growth tracking and appropriate
escalation in Ch. 1, Growth Surveillance. Google Books
Distractors:
A — Incorrect: Sudden percentile drops require evaluation, not
reassurance alone.
B — Incorrect: Growth charts are essential tools in pediatric
assessment.
D — Incorrect: CT is not first-line without other red flags; clinical
assessment and targeted tests should guide imaging.
Teaching point: Verify measurements and escalate
appropriately when growth percentiles change significantly.
4
