BCHM 307 Exam 3 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update

BCHM 307 Exam 3 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update what enzyme in glycolysis in inhibited by phosphoenolpyruvate - Answers phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) which enzyme is involved in BOTH glycolysis and gluconeogenesis - Answers triose phosphate isomerase ATP synthase synthesizes ATP through a mechanism known an chemiosmosis. which statement best describes this process - Answers the energy for ATP synthesis comes from the electrochemical gradient formed by proton accumulation in the intermembrane space the image shows the oxygen-evolving center of Photosystem II, the P680 reaction center, along with a critical tyrosine residue. in the process of water splitting in PSII, the role of this tyrosine is primarily to: - Answers serve as an intermediate electron carrier between P680 and the oxygen-evolving complex looking at the mechanism shown, the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction is ____. the substrate is ____, and the product is ____. - Answers 1. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 3. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate the primary function of the malate-aspartate shuttle is to: - Answers transfer reducing equivalents (NADH) from the cytosol to the mitochondria which statement best describes how insulin and glucagon regulate PFK-2 activity and what is the resultant effect on glucose metabolism - Answers insulin activates PFK-2, increasing glycolysis glucagon inactivates PFK-2, promoting gluconeogenesis what enzymes are directly involved in substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis - Answers phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase why is the regeneration of NAD+ essential in anaerobic glycolysis - Answers without NAD+, glycolysis would halt as NAD+ is required for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in a muscle cell under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is primarily converted into: - Answers lactate the Warburg Effect refers to cancer cells preference for glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation, even in oxygen-rich conditions. this phenomenon is beneficial for cancer cells primarily because: - Answers it produces ATP more rapidly with fewer steps, albeit less efficiently it provides building blocks for biosynthetic pathways it avoids the production of reactive oxygen species during the citric acid cycle in glycolysis, the net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose is - Answers 2 ATP what best describes the regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) - Answers PDC is inhibited by acetyl-CoA and NADH what enzyme in the citric acid cycle is involved in a substrate-level phosphorylation - Answers succinyl-CoA synthetase the NADH and FADH2 produced in the citric acid cycle play a crucial role in - Answers acting as electrons donors in the electron transport chain what intermediate of the citric acid cycle is a precursor for the synthesis of amino acids - Answers alpha-ketoglutarate what would be the likely effect of a loss-of-function mutation in the gene coding for aconitase - Answers accumulation of citrate and a decrease in isocitrate