NSG 6005 Pharm WKs 4/Resp, 5/Cardiac & Statins
Mid-term Exam 5 LATEST QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+/
What assessments should be made before prescribing any antihypertensive
agent?
Ans: • BP (confirmation of elevated BP at three different times), & head to toe
assessment
• LABS: electrolytes (Na and K level; serum Ca); blood glucose and hematocrit;
Lipid profile; Renal function (creatinine and BUN levels); urinalysis, albumin or
albumin/creatinine ratio.
• Assess diet (sodium intake)
• children >3yrs should be assessed @ least once at every visit - preferred method
for children is by auscultation, using a cuff that is appropriate to the child's upper
arm.
• 12 lead ekg
• diabetics or those with renal disease should have the albumin/creatinine ratio
annually. Presence of albuminuria, micro albuminuria even in the setting of
normal glomerular filtration rate is associated with increased cardiovascular risk
,Quiz Why are ACE inhibitors the drug of choice in diabetic patients with
hypertension?
Ans: • ACE inhibitors will improve insulin's sensitivity; as well as reduce the effects
of diabetes on the kidneys
• "Protect the Kidney's" - watch for renal function, any creatinine > 2.5 requires
dose reduction!
• Prevents diabetic nephropathy or slow its progression,
• Reduce albuminuria and BP.
• ACE or ARBs should be used to treat the HTN.
• Renal protection; reduces the conversion of AT II and improve the insulin
sensitivity
Quiz ACE inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure because
they have more than one action to address the pathological changes in this
disorder. Which of the following pathological changes in heart failure is NOT
addressed by ACE inhibitors?
Ans: Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that increases heart rate and
preload.
Quiz Heart failure is a leading cause of death and hospitalization in older adults
(greater than 65 years old). The drug of choice for this population is:
Ans: ACE inhibitors
, Quiz ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy. While treatment of heart
failure during pregnancy is best done by a specialist, which of the following drug
classes are considered to be safe, at least in the later parts of pregnancy?
Ans: Beta blockers
Quiz Patients who have angina, regardless of Class, who are also diabetic, should
be on:
Ans: ACE inhibitors
Quiz Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is
determined to be needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
Ans: Decreased renal function
Quiz ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic
patients because they:
Ans: Improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
Mid-term Exam 5 LATEST QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+/
What assessments should be made before prescribing any antihypertensive
agent?
Ans: • BP (confirmation of elevated BP at three different times), & head to toe
assessment
• LABS: electrolytes (Na and K level; serum Ca); blood glucose and hematocrit;
Lipid profile; Renal function (creatinine and BUN levels); urinalysis, albumin or
albumin/creatinine ratio.
• Assess diet (sodium intake)
• children >3yrs should be assessed @ least once at every visit - preferred method
for children is by auscultation, using a cuff that is appropriate to the child's upper
arm.
• 12 lead ekg
• diabetics or those with renal disease should have the albumin/creatinine ratio
annually. Presence of albuminuria, micro albuminuria even in the setting of
normal glomerular filtration rate is associated with increased cardiovascular risk
,Quiz Why are ACE inhibitors the drug of choice in diabetic patients with
hypertension?
Ans: • ACE inhibitors will improve insulin's sensitivity; as well as reduce the effects
of diabetes on the kidneys
• "Protect the Kidney's" - watch for renal function, any creatinine > 2.5 requires
dose reduction!
• Prevents diabetic nephropathy or slow its progression,
• Reduce albuminuria and BP.
• ACE or ARBs should be used to treat the HTN.
• Renal protection; reduces the conversion of AT II and improve the insulin
sensitivity
Quiz ACE inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure because
they have more than one action to address the pathological changes in this
disorder. Which of the following pathological changes in heart failure is NOT
addressed by ACE inhibitors?
Ans: Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that increases heart rate and
preload.
Quiz Heart failure is a leading cause of death and hospitalization in older adults
(greater than 65 years old). The drug of choice for this population is:
Ans: ACE inhibitors
, Quiz ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy. While treatment of heart
failure during pregnancy is best done by a specialist, which of the following drug
classes are considered to be safe, at least in the later parts of pregnancy?
Ans: Beta blockers
Quiz Patients who have angina, regardless of Class, who are also diabetic, should
be on:
Ans: ACE inhibitors
Quiz Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is
determined to be needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
Ans: Decreased renal function
Quiz ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic
patients because they:
Ans: Improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
