,
,
,
,A 5-star review⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐would
mean the world to us!
It helps more students find our
resources and keeps our study
support going strong
Thanks in advance 😁😁
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
a. altering cell membrane permeability.
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall.
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells.
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell.
ANS: D
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzym
of to its normal target cell. Thus, the target cells are protected from the action of the enzymes to result
alteration of cell membrane permeability, the “fooling” of a receptor on the cell wall, and the enhancem
drugs within cells do not occur with selective enzyme interactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
7. When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly protein bound. Whic
from this protein binding?
a. Renal excretion will take longer.
b. The drug will be metabolized quickly.
c. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.
ANS: C
Drugs that are bound to plasma proteins are characterized by a longer duration of action. Protein bindin
excretion longer and does not increase metabolism of the drug. Protein binding of a drug means that th
longer, not shorter.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
8. When monitoring a patient on an insulin drip to reduce blood glucose levels, the nurse notes that the pa
extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and difficult to awaken. Which adverse drug reaction is the n
a. An adverse effect
b. An allergic reaction
c. An idiosyncratic reaction
d. A pharmacological reaction
ANS: D
A pharmacological reaction is an extension of the drug’s normal effects in the body. In this case, the in
blood glucose levels too much. An adverse effect is a predictable, well-known adverse drug reaction th
changes in patient management. An allergic reaction (also known as a hypersensitivity reaction) involv
system. An idiosyncratic reaction is unexpected and is defined as a genetically determined abnormal re
a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
9. A patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where should
place the tablet?
a. Under the tongue
b. In the space between the cheek and gum
c. At the back of the throat, for easy swallowing
d. On a non-hairy area on the chest
ANS: A
Drugs taken by the sublingual route are placed under the tongue. Placing the tablet in the space betwee
for the buccal route; placing the tablet at the back of the throat (for easy swallowing) is done in the ora
on a non-hairy area on the chest is done in the topical or transdermal route.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
10. The nurse is administering medications to a patient who is in liver failure due to end-stage cirrhosis. Th
patients with liver failure are most likely to have problems with which pharmacokinetic phase?
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
Chapter 03: Legal and Ethical Considerations
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In the development of a new drug by a pharmaceutical company, the researcher must ensure that the pa
drug studies do not have unrealistic expectations of the new drug’s usefulness. What will the researche
study to prevent bias that may occur?
a. A placebo
b. Health Canada approval
c. Informed consent
d. Efficacy information
ANS: A
To prevent bias that may occur as a result of unrealistic expectations of an investigational new drug, a
into the study. Health Canada approval, if given, does not be obtained until after phase III of the study.
required in all drug studies. Efficacy information is not determined until the study is under way.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
2. A member of an investigational drug study team is working with healthy volunteers whose participatio
optimal dosage range and pharmacokinetics of the drug. In what type of study is the team member part
a. Phase I
b. Phase II
c. Phase III
d. Phase IV
ANS: A
Phase I studies involve small numbers of healthy volunteers to determine the optimal dosage range and
drug. Phases II, III, and IV involve progressively larger numbers of volunteers who have the disease or
designed to diagnose or treat.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
3. A patient has a prescription for a drug classified as Schedule F. What important information should the
obtaining refills for this medication?
a. No prescription refills are permitted.
b. Refills may be obtained via telephone order.
c. Refills are indicated by the prescriber.
d. The patient may have no more than six refills in a 12-month period.
ANS: C
Schedule F contains a list of drugs that can be sold and refilled only on prescription; prescriptions can b
indicated by the prescriber.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis
4. A patient has been chosen to be a recipient of an investigational drug for heart failure and has given inf
indicated by the patient’s informed consent?
a. The patient has been informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy.
b. The patient will be informed of the details of the study as the research continues.
c. The patient will not be assured of receiving the actual drug during the experiment.
d. The patient has received an explanation of the study’s purpose, procedures, and
the benefits and risks involved.
ANS: D
Informed consent involves the careful explanation of the purpose of the study, procedures to be used, a
risks involved. Being informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy, being informed of the study
continues, and being assured of receiving the actual drug during the experiment do not describe inform
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. What potential failure is identified when a patient with a documented penicillin allergy receives 1.2 g o
a. Failure to assess
b. Failure to evaluate
c. Failure to ensure safety
d. Failure to identify the patient
ANS: C
Failure to ensure safety includes lack of adequate monitoring, failure to identify patient allergies and ot
medication therapy, inappropriate drug administration technique, and failure to implement appropriate
improper assessment of the patient’s condition. Whereas failure to assess or evaluate includes failure to
the patient’s condition after taking a medication, failure to report these changes, failure to take a compl
nursing assessment/history, and failure to monitor the patient after medication administration. Failure t
identity is a medication error.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
7. Which statement correctly describes drugs in Part G, Part II of the Food and Drugs Act?
a. They are drugs with high potential for misuse that have an accepted medical use.
b. They are drugs with high potential for misuse that do not have an accepted
medical use.
c. They are medically accepted drugs that may cause mild physical or psychological
dependence.
d. They are medically accepted drugs with very limited potential for causing mild
physical or psychological dependence.
ANS: A
Part G, Part II drugs are those with high potential for misuse that have an accepted medical use (e.g., ba
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. Miss Knox, a 26-year-old, has returned to the surgical unit post appendectomy. The physician has pres
morphine for pain. According to the Controlled Drugs and Substances ACT (CDSA), morphine is class
a. Schedule I
b. Schedule IV
c. Schedule V
d. Schedule III
ANS: A
The CDSA is based on eight schedules that list controlled drugs and substances based on potential for m
they are to manufacture into illicit substances. A summary of Schedule I contains the most dangerous d
(opium, heroin, morphine, cocaine), fentanyls, and methamphetamine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which are elements of ethical principles in nursing and health care according to the Canadian Nurses A
Ethics? (Select all that apply.)
a. Promoting justice
b. Maintaining anonymity
c. Demonstrating responsibility
d. Preserving dignity
e. Promoting health and well-being
ANS: A, D, E
Elements of ethical principles in nursing and health care according to the CNA Code of Ethics include
compassionate, competent, and ethical nursing care; maintaining privacy and confidentiality; promotin
preserving dignity, and promoting and respecting informed decision making; and promoting health and
DIF: Cognitive Level: Critical Thinking
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
Chapter 04: Patient-Focused Considerations
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. During the last trimester of pregnancy, drug transfer to the fetus is more likely to occur. Which is a reas
a. Fetal size
b. Decreased surface area
c. Enhanced placental blood flow
d. Increased amount of bound drug in maternal circulation
ANS: C
Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester, as a result of enhanced placental bloo
surface area, and an increased amount of free drug in the mother’s circulation. Increased, not decreased
drug transfer to the fetus. The placenta’s surface area does not increase during this time. Drug transfer
increased amount of free drug, not protein-bound drug, in the mother’s circulation. “Fetal size” is incor
trimester of pregnancy is the period of greatest danger of drug-induced developmental defects. During
undergoes rapid cell proliferation. Gestational age is more important than fetal size.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
2. Which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly when calculating drug dosages for children?
a. Fried’s rule
b. Clark’s rule
c. Young’s rule
d. The mg/kg formula
ANS: D
The body weight method, using the mg/kg formula, is the most common and reliable method for calcul
patients. Fried’s rule, Clark’s rule, and Young’s rule are not methods used for calculating drug dosages
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
3. While assessing an 82-year-old woman, the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing polypharm
experience most likely to indicate?
a. The patient has a lower risk of drug interactions.
b. The patient takes medications for one illness several times a day.
c. The patient risks problems only if she also takes over-the-counter medications.
d. The patient takes multiple medications for several different illnesses.
ANS: D
Polypharmacy usually occurs when a patient has several illnesses and takes medications for each of the
prescribed by different specialists who may be unaware of the patient’s other treatments. This situation
risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions. Polypharmacy means that the patient has a higher, not l
interactions, and that the patient is taking several different medications, not just one. Polypharmacy can
over-the-counter medications, and natural health products.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
4. For accurate medication administration to young patients, the nurse must take into account which infor
a. Weight, height, age, and organ maturity
b. Age, glomerular filtration rate, and weight
c. Weight, height, body temperature, and age
d. Weight, height, and total body water content
ANS: A
To accurately administer medications to young patients, their weight, height, age, physical condition, m
maturity must be taken into account. Glomerular filtration rate, body temperature, and total body water
considerations when administering medications to young patients.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. An older adult patient will often experience a reduction in the stomach’s ability to produce hydrochlori
result in which alteration?
a. Delayed gastric emptying
b. Increased gastric acidity
c. Decreased intestinal absorption of medications
d. Altered absorption of select drugs
ANS: D
This aging-related change results in a decrease in gastric acidity and may alter the absorption of some d
emptying, increased gastric acidity, and decreased intestinal absorption of medications are not results o
production.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
7. Which is the reason drug toxicity is more likely to occur in the neonate?
a. The lungs are immature.
b. The kidneys are smaller.
c. The liver is not fully developed.
d. Renal excretion of the drug is faster.
ANS: C
A neonate’s liver is not fully developed and cannot detoxify many drugs; thus, drug toxicity is more lik
The lungs and kidneys do not play major roles in drug metabolism. Renal excretion of the drug is slow
immaturity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. An 83-year-old female patient has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure. She and her
watch for which complications?
a. Dizziness and constipation
b. Fatigue and dehydration
c. Daytime sedation and lethargy
d. Edema and blurred vision
ANS: B
Electrolyte imbalance, fatigue, and dehydration are common complications of thiazide diuretics in olde
and constipation, daytime sedation and lethargy, and edema and blurred vision are not complications th
are given to older adults.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
9. Which complication is common with an older adult patient who is taking digoxin?
a. Hallucinations
b. Edema
c. Dry mouth
d. Constipation
ANS: A
Common complications for older adults taking digoxin include visual disorders, nausea, diarrhea, dysrh
decreased appetite, and weight loss. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may cause edema, anticholi
may cause dry mouth, and opioids may cause constipation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
10. The nurse is aware that confusion, ataxia, and increased risk for falls are older adult patients’ common
medication?
a. Laxatives
b. Anticoagulants
c. Sedatives
d. Diuretics
,
,
,A 5-star review⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐would
mean the world to us!
It helps more students find our
resources and keeps our study
support going strong
Thanks in advance 😁😁
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
a. altering cell membrane permeability.
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall.
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells.
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell.
ANS: D
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzym
of to its normal target cell. Thus, the target cells are protected from the action of the enzymes to result
alteration of cell membrane permeability, the “fooling” of a receptor on the cell wall, and the enhancem
drugs within cells do not occur with selective enzyme interactions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
7. When administering a new medication to a patient, the nurse reads that it is highly protein bound. Whic
from this protein binding?
a. Renal excretion will take longer.
b. The drug will be metabolized quickly.
c. The duration of action of the medication will be longer.
d. The duration of action of the medication will be shorter.
ANS: C
Drugs that are bound to plasma proteins are characterized by a longer duration of action. Protein bindin
excretion longer and does not increase metabolism of the drug. Protein binding of a drug means that th
longer, not shorter.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
8. When monitoring a patient on an insulin drip to reduce blood glucose levels, the nurse notes that the pa
extremely low, and the patient is lethargic and difficult to awaken. Which adverse drug reaction is the n
a. An adverse effect
b. An allergic reaction
c. An idiosyncratic reaction
d. A pharmacological reaction
ANS: D
A pharmacological reaction is an extension of the drug’s normal effects in the body. In this case, the in
blood glucose levels too much. An adverse effect is a predictable, well-known adverse drug reaction th
changes in patient management. An allergic reaction (also known as a hypersensitivity reaction) involv
system. An idiosyncratic reaction is unexpected and is defined as a genetically determined abnormal re
a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
9. A patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where should
place the tablet?
a. Under the tongue
b. In the space between the cheek and gum
c. At the back of the throat, for easy swallowing
d. On a non-hairy area on the chest
ANS: A
Drugs taken by the sublingual route are placed under the tongue. Placing the tablet in the space betwee
for the buccal route; placing the tablet at the back of the throat (for easy swallowing) is done in the ora
on a non-hairy area on the chest is done in the topical or transdermal route.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
10. The nurse is administering medications to a patient who is in liver failure due to end-stage cirrhosis. Th
patients with liver failure are most likely to have problems with which pharmacokinetic phase?
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
Chapter 03: Legal and Ethical Considerations
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In the development of a new drug by a pharmaceutical company, the researcher must ensure that the pa
drug studies do not have unrealistic expectations of the new drug’s usefulness. What will the researche
study to prevent bias that may occur?
a. A placebo
b. Health Canada approval
c. Informed consent
d. Efficacy information
ANS: A
To prevent bias that may occur as a result of unrealistic expectations of an investigational new drug, a
into the study. Health Canada approval, if given, does not be obtained until after phase III of the study.
required in all drug studies. Efficacy information is not determined until the study is under way.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
2. A member of an investigational drug study team is working with healthy volunteers whose participatio
optimal dosage range and pharmacokinetics of the drug. In what type of study is the team member part
a. Phase I
b. Phase II
c. Phase III
d. Phase IV
ANS: A
Phase I studies involve small numbers of healthy volunteers to determine the optimal dosage range and
drug. Phases II, III, and IV involve progressively larger numbers of volunteers who have the disease or
designed to diagnose or treat.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
3. A patient has a prescription for a drug classified as Schedule F. What important information should the
obtaining refills for this medication?
a. No prescription refills are permitted.
b. Refills may be obtained via telephone order.
c. Refills are indicated by the prescriber.
d. The patient may have no more than six refills in a 12-month period.
ANS: C
Schedule F contains a list of drugs that can be sold and refilled only on prescription; prescriptions can b
indicated by the prescriber.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis
4. A patient has been chosen to be a recipient of an investigational drug for heart failure and has given inf
indicated by the patient’s informed consent?
a. The patient has been informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy.
b. The patient will be informed of the details of the study as the research continues.
c. The patient will not be assured of receiving the actual drug during the experiment.
d. The patient has received an explanation of the study’s purpose, procedures, and
the benefits and risks involved.
ANS: D
Informed consent involves the careful explanation of the purpose of the study, procedures to be used, a
risks involved. Being informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy, being informed of the study
continues, and being assured of receiving the actual drug during the experiment do not describe inform
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. What potential failure is identified when a patient with a documented penicillin allergy receives 1.2 g o
a. Failure to assess
b. Failure to evaluate
c. Failure to ensure safety
d. Failure to identify the patient
ANS: C
Failure to ensure safety includes lack of adequate monitoring, failure to identify patient allergies and ot
medication therapy, inappropriate drug administration technique, and failure to implement appropriate
improper assessment of the patient’s condition. Whereas failure to assess or evaluate includes failure to
the patient’s condition after taking a medication, failure to report these changes, failure to take a compl
nursing assessment/history, and failure to monitor the patient after medication administration. Failure t
identity is a medication error.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
7. Which statement correctly describes drugs in Part G, Part II of the Food and Drugs Act?
a. They are drugs with high potential for misuse that have an accepted medical use.
b. They are drugs with high potential for misuse that do not have an accepted
medical use.
c. They are medically accepted drugs that may cause mild physical or psychological
dependence.
d. They are medically accepted drugs with very limited potential for causing mild
physical or psychological dependence.
ANS: A
Part G, Part II drugs are those with high potential for misuse that have an accepted medical use (e.g., ba
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. Miss Knox, a 26-year-old, has returned to the surgical unit post appendectomy. The physician has pres
morphine for pain. According to the Controlled Drugs and Substances ACT (CDSA), morphine is class
a. Schedule I
b. Schedule IV
c. Schedule V
d. Schedule III
ANS: A
The CDSA is based on eight schedules that list controlled drugs and substances based on potential for m
they are to manufacture into illicit substances. A summary of Schedule I contains the most dangerous d
(opium, heroin, morphine, cocaine), fentanyls, and methamphetamine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which are elements of ethical principles in nursing and health care according to the Canadian Nurses A
Ethics? (Select all that apply.)
a. Promoting justice
b. Maintaining anonymity
c. Demonstrating responsibility
d. Preserving dignity
e. Promoting health and well-being
ANS: A, D, E
Elements of ethical principles in nursing and health care according to the CNA Code of Ethics include
compassionate, competent, and ethical nursing care; maintaining privacy and confidentiality; promotin
preserving dignity, and promoting and respecting informed decision making; and promoting health and
DIF: Cognitive Level: Critical Thinking
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
Chapter 04: Patient-Focused Considerations
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. During the last trimester of pregnancy, drug transfer to the fetus is more likely to occur. Which is a reas
a. Fetal size
b. Decreased surface area
c. Enhanced placental blood flow
d. Increased amount of bound drug in maternal circulation
ANS: C
Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester, as a result of enhanced placental bloo
surface area, and an increased amount of free drug in the mother’s circulation. Increased, not decreased
drug transfer to the fetus. The placenta’s surface area does not increase during this time. Drug transfer
increased amount of free drug, not protein-bound drug, in the mother’s circulation. “Fetal size” is incor
trimester of pregnancy is the period of greatest danger of drug-induced developmental defects. During
undergoes rapid cell proliferation. Gestational age is more important than fetal size.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
2. Which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly when calculating drug dosages for children?
a. Fried’s rule
b. Clark’s rule
c. Young’s rule
d. The mg/kg formula
ANS: D
The body weight method, using the mg/kg formula, is the most common and reliable method for calcul
patients. Fried’s rule, Clark’s rule, and Young’s rule are not methods used for calculating drug dosages
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
3. While assessing an 82-year-old woman, the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing polypharm
experience most likely to indicate?
a. The patient has a lower risk of drug interactions.
b. The patient takes medications for one illness several times a day.
c. The patient risks problems only if she also takes over-the-counter medications.
d. The patient takes multiple medications for several different illnesses.
ANS: D
Polypharmacy usually occurs when a patient has several illnesses and takes medications for each of the
prescribed by different specialists who may be unaware of the patient’s other treatments. This situation
risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions. Polypharmacy means that the patient has a higher, not l
interactions, and that the patient is taking several different medications, not just one. Polypharmacy can
over-the-counter medications, and natural health products.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
4. For accurate medication administration to young patients, the nurse must take into account which infor
a. Weight, height, age, and organ maturity
b. Age, glomerular filtration rate, and weight
c. Weight, height, body temperature, and age
d. Weight, height, and total body water content
ANS: A
To accurately administer medications to young patients, their weight, height, age, physical condition, m
maturity must be taken into account. Glomerular filtration rate, body temperature, and total body water
considerations when administering medications to young patients.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 13728229
6. An older adult patient will often experience a reduction in the stomach’s ability to produce hydrochlori
result in which alteration?
a. Delayed gastric emptying
b. Increased gastric acidity
c. Decreased intestinal absorption of medications
d. Altered absorption of select drugs
ANS: D
This aging-related change results in a decrease in gastric acidity and may alter the absorption of some d
emptying, increased gastric acidity, and decreased intestinal absorption of medications are not results o
production.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
7. Which is the reason drug toxicity is more likely to occur in the neonate?
a. The lungs are immature.
b. The kidneys are smaller.
c. The liver is not fully developed.
d. Renal excretion of the drug is faster.
ANS: C
A neonate’s liver is not fully developed and cannot detoxify many drugs; thus, drug toxicity is more lik
The lungs and kidneys do not play major roles in drug metabolism. Renal excretion of the drug is slow
immaturity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
8. An 83-year-old female patient has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure. She and her
watch for which complications?
a. Dizziness and constipation
b. Fatigue and dehydration
c. Daytime sedation and lethargy
d. Edema and blurred vision
ANS: B
Electrolyte imbalance, fatigue, and dehydration are common complications of thiazide diuretics in olde
and constipation, daytime sedation and lethargy, and edema and blurred vision are not complications th
are given to older adults.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
9. Which complication is common with an older adult patient who is taking digoxin?
a. Hallucinations
b. Edema
c. Dry mouth
d. Constipation
ANS: A
Common complications for older adults taking digoxin include visual disorders, nausea, diarrhea, dysrh
decreased appetite, and weight loss. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may cause edema, anticholi
may cause dry mouth, and opioids may cause constipation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
10. The nurse is aware that confusion, ataxia, and increased risk for falls are older adult patients’ common
medication?
a. Laxatives
b. Anticoagulants
c. Sedatives
d. Diuretics
