BIO 168 EXAM 2 CHAPTER 4 &5
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED
A+)
What are tissues? - ANSWERgroups of cells similar in structure and function
What steps are involved in preparing animal tissue for microscopic viewing? -
ANSWER1) Fixed (preserved)
(2) Cut into sections thin enough to transmit light or electrons
(3) Stain to enhance contrast
What features distinguish epithelial tissue - ANSWERpolarity, cellularity, supported
by connective tissues, avascularity , and regeneration
what are the function of epithelial tissues - ANSWERProtection, Immune defenses,
secertion, transport into the tissues, senation.
There are many characteristics that distinguish epithelium from other tissues. Your
book names five... what are they? - ANSWERpolarity, cellularity, supported by
connective tissues, avascularity , and regeneration
How is epithelial tissue named/classified? - ANSWER1. Number of cell layers (1 or
more)
2. Shape of most of the cells composing them.
If epithelium is stratified, what purpose does that serve? - ANSWERconsists of
epithelial cells stacked in multiple layers. These cells typically cover exterior surfaces
of the body, such as the skin. They are also found interiorly in portions of the
digestive tract and reproductive tract. it serves a protective role by helping to prevent
water loss and damage by chemicals or friction. This tissue is constantly renewed as
dividing cells on the bottom layer move toward the surface to replace older cells.
If it is simple, what does it do? - ANSWERcompose linings in blood vessels, kidneys,
skin, and the lungs.
Free Cell Surfaces - ANSWERmost epithelia have a free (apical) surface that is not
in contact with other cells
Glands- distinguish between endocrine and exocrine? - ANSWER____ glands
secerts their products into tissue fluid or blood. __glands secert their products into
ducts that open onto a surface
What are simple glands? - ANSWERsingle unbranched duct
compound glands - ANSWERhave a branched duct
, merocrine glands - ANSWER(eccrine) secretion the cells form a secretory product,
store it in the cytoplasm in secretory vesicles, and release it by exocytosis.
apocrine glands - ANSWERsecretion the cells accumulate secretory product in their
cytosol, die, and are discharged with their contents as the secretion.
halocrine glands - ANSWERaccumulate their secretory product in their cytosol and
then the cell ruptures, releasing the secretion
What does connective tissue do? - ANSWERprotect and support the body and its
organs; binds organs together; store energy reserves as fat; provide resistance to
disease in association with the immune system
Where are connective tissues found? - ANSWEReverywhere in the body
smooth muscle - ANSWERInvoluntary muscle found inside many internal organs of
the body. are located in walls of hollow visceral organs, except the heart, appear
spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary control
Skeletal muscle - ANSWERA muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton
and provides the force that moves the bones. they are striated in appearance and
are under voluntary control.
What are membranes? - ANSWERflat sheets of pliable tissue that cover or line a
part of the body
cutaneous membrane function - ANSWERcovers body surface, protection
What is the major characteristic that distinguishes connective tissue from other
tissues? - ANSWERhas three main components: cells, fibers, and ground substance.
Together the ground substance and fibers make up the extracellular matrix.
What types of cells are found in connective tissue - ANSWERinclude: fibroblasts,
mast cells, plasma cells, macrophages, adipocytes, and leukocytes.
What types of fibers are found in connective tissue? - ANSWERinclude collagen,
elastic, and reticular.
How is connective tissue classified? - ANSWERas either connective tissue proper or
specialized connective tissue.
Connective tissue proper includes: - ANSWERloose connective tissue (also called
areolar) and dense (irregular) connective tissue
Specialized connective tissue types include - ANSWERdense regular connective
tissue, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood, and hematopoietic tissue
loose connective tissue - ANSWER(Trachea) is located under the thick eosinophilic
basement membrane of the respiratory epithelium in the trachea. A major
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED
A+)
What are tissues? - ANSWERgroups of cells similar in structure and function
What steps are involved in preparing animal tissue for microscopic viewing? -
ANSWER1) Fixed (preserved)
(2) Cut into sections thin enough to transmit light or electrons
(3) Stain to enhance contrast
What features distinguish epithelial tissue - ANSWERpolarity, cellularity, supported
by connective tissues, avascularity , and regeneration
what are the function of epithelial tissues - ANSWERProtection, Immune defenses,
secertion, transport into the tissues, senation.
There are many characteristics that distinguish epithelium from other tissues. Your
book names five... what are they? - ANSWERpolarity, cellularity, supported by
connective tissues, avascularity , and regeneration
How is epithelial tissue named/classified? - ANSWER1. Number of cell layers (1 or
more)
2. Shape of most of the cells composing them.
If epithelium is stratified, what purpose does that serve? - ANSWERconsists of
epithelial cells stacked in multiple layers. These cells typically cover exterior surfaces
of the body, such as the skin. They are also found interiorly in portions of the
digestive tract and reproductive tract. it serves a protective role by helping to prevent
water loss and damage by chemicals or friction. This tissue is constantly renewed as
dividing cells on the bottom layer move toward the surface to replace older cells.
If it is simple, what does it do? - ANSWERcompose linings in blood vessels, kidneys,
skin, and the lungs.
Free Cell Surfaces - ANSWERmost epithelia have a free (apical) surface that is not
in contact with other cells
Glands- distinguish between endocrine and exocrine? - ANSWER____ glands
secerts their products into tissue fluid or blood. __glands secert their products into
ducts that open onto a surface
What are simple glands? - ANSWERsingle unbranched duct
compound glands - ANSWERhave a branched duct
, merocrine glands - ANSWER(eccrine) secretion the cells form a secretory product,
store it in the cytoplasm in secretory vesicles, and release it by exocytosis.
apocrine glands - ANSWERsecretion the cells accumulate secretory product in their
cytosol, die, and are discharged with their contents as the secretion.
halocrine glands - ANSWERaccumulate their secretory product in their cytosol and
then the cell ruptures, releasing the secretion
What does connective tissue do? - ANSWERprotect and support the body and its
organs; binds organs together; store energy reserves as fat; provide resistance to
disease in association with the immune system
Where are connective tissues found? - ANSWEReverywhere in the body
smooth muscle - ANSWERInvoluntary muscle found inside many internal organs of
the body. are located in walls of hollow visceral organs, except the heart, appear
spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary control
Skeletal muscle - ANSWERA muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton
and provides the force that moves the bones. they are striated in appearance and
are under voluntary control.
What are membranes? - ANSWERflat sheets of pliable tissue that cover or line a
part of the body
cutaneous membrane function - ANSWERcovers body surface, protection
What is the major characteristic that distinguishes connective tissue from other
tissues? - ANSWERhas three main components: cells, fibers, and ground substance.
Together the ground substance and fibers make up the extracellular matrix.
What types of cells are found in connective tissue - ANSWERinclude: fibroblasts,
mast cells, plasma cells, macrophages, adipocytes, and leukocytes.
What types of fibers are found in connective tissue? - ANSWERinclude collagen,
elastic, and reticular.
How is connective tissue classified? - ANSWERas either connective tissue proper or
specialized connective tissue.
Connective tissue proper includes: - ANSWERloose connective tissue (also called
areolar) and dense (irregular) connective tissue
Specialized connective tissue types include - ANSWERdense regular connective
tissue, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood, and hematopoietic tissue
loose connective tissue - ANSWER(Trachea) is located under the thick eosinophilic
basement membrane of the respiratory epithelium in the trachea. A major
