Cardiac Arrhythmia Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
Normal Sinus Rhythm - --Sinus node is the potential
primary pacemaker -Abnormal automaticity can occur in virtually all
-P wave for every QRS complex cardia tissues and may initiate arrhythmias
-Rhythm is regular -Such changes are thought to produce sinus
-Rate is between 60-100 bpm tachycardia, escape rhythms, and accelerated
-PR interval -> .12-.20 sec (3-5 small boxes) AV nodal (junctional) rhythms.
-QRS -> <0.12 sec (less than 3 small boxes)
Triggered activity - --Myocardial damage
Arrhythmia - --An abnormality of the can result in oscillations of the
cardiac rhythm is called a cardiac arrhythmia. transmembrane potential at the end of the action
-Arrhythmias may cause sudden death, syncope, potential.
heart failure, dizziness, palpitations or no -These oscillations are called 'after
symptoms at all. depolarizations',
may reach threshold potential and produce an
arrhythmia.
Sinus Bradycardia - --P wave for every -The abnormal oscillations can be exaggerated
QRS complex by pacing,
-Rhythm is regular catecholamines, electrolyte disturbances, and
-Rate is less than 60 bpm -> SA node firing some
slower than normal medications.
-Bradycardia is normal for may individuals, -Examples as atrial tachycardias produced by
especially athletes. digoxin
toxicity and the initiation of ventricular arrhythmia
in the
long QT syndrome.
Sinus Tachycardia - --P wave for every
QRS complex
-Rhythm is regular
-Fast rate of over 100 bpm -> fast rate comes Re-Entry Tachycardia - --In Re-entry
from the sinus node tachycardia -> atrial re-entry via retrograde
-Above 160 is generally considered to be activation of a pathway in which is not still in its
Supraventriclular tachycardia (SVT = hr>160) refractory period, will conduct again and
-Can be high due to anxiety, stress, fever, Tachycardia results
medications (anything that -If the time to
increases oxygen consumption) conduct around the ring is greater than
the refractory periods of the tissue,
circuit will be maintained, producing a
run of tachycardia.
Conductance - -Conductance effects rate -
> basically reflects how quickly these channels
are opening/closing -> Which is how fast the
electrical activity is being conducted AV nodal re-entry tachycardia - --occurs
within the AV nodal tissue
(bundle of conducting fibers).
-Impulses travel from the atria to the ventricles
Abnormal accelerated Automacity - --It
and
occurs due to increasing the rate of
then from the ventricles back to the atria
depolarization or changing the the threshold
1/3
Normal Sinus Rhythm - --Sinus node is the potential
primary pacemaker -Abnormal automaticity can occur in virtually all
-P wave for every QRS complex cardia tissues and may initiate arrhythmias
-Rhythm is regular -Such changes are thought to produce sinus
-Rate is between 60-100 bpm tachycardia, escape rhythms, and accelerated
-PR interval -> .12-.20 sec (3-5 small boxes) AV nodal (junctional) rhythms.
-QRS -> <0.12 sec (less than 3 small boxes)
Triggered activity - --Myocardial damage
Arrhythmia - --An abnormality of the can result in oscillations of the
cardiac rhythm is called a cardiac arrhythmia. transmembrane potential at the end of the action
-Arrhythmias may cause sudden death, syncope, potential.
heart failure, dizziness, palpitations or no -These oscillations are called 'after
symptoms at all. depolarizations',
may reach threshold potential and produce an
arrhythmia.
Sinus Bradycardia - --P wave for every -The abnormal oscillations can be exaggerated
QRS complex by pacing,
-Rhythm is regular catecholamines, electrolyte disturbances, and
-Rate is less than 60 bpm -> SA node firing some
slower than normal medications.
-Bradycardia is normal for may individuals, -Examples as atrial tachycardias produced by
especially athletes. digoxin
toxicity and the initiation of ventricular arrhythmia
in the
long QT syndrome.
Sinus Tachycardia - --P wave for every
QRS complex
-Rhythm is regular
-Fast rate of over 100 bpm -> fast rate comes Re-Entry Tachycardia - --In Re-entry
from the sinus node tachycardia -> atrial re-entry via retrograde
-Above 160 is generally considered to be activation of a pathway in which is not still in its
Supraventriclular tachycardia (SVT = hr>160) refractory period, will conduct again and
-Can be high due to anxiety, stress, fever, Tachycardia results
medications (anything that -If the time to
increases oxygen consumption) conduct around the ring is greater than
the refractory periods of the tissue,
circuit will be maintained, producing a
run of tachycardia.
Conductance - -Conductance effects rate -
> basically reflects how quickly these channels
are opening/closing -> Which is how fast the
electrical activity is being conducted AV nodal re-entry tachycardia - --occurs
within the AV nodal tissue
(bundle of conducting fibers).
-Impulses travel from the atria to the ventricles
Abnormal accelerated Automacity - --It
and
occurs due to increasing the rate of
then from the ventricles back to the atria
depolarization or changing the the threshold
1/3
