DDA Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

DDA Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
equilibrium of the internal,
physical, and chemical conditions of the cell

or a living system - CORRECT ANSWER - Homeostasis


What are some variables that are required to be maintained for optimal functioning of the cell? -
CORRECT ANSWER - body temperature, fluid balance, pH, concentration of sodium,
calcium, potassium ions, blood sugar level


adjusting to a new situation

to preserve viability and function - CORRECT ANSWER - Adaptation


pathological definition - any

demand on the cell requiring it to adapt - CORRECT ANSWER - Stress


What are the principle adaptive responses that a cell can go through? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Atrophy
Metaplasma
Dysplasia


If the adaptive capability of the cell is exceeded or the stress is inherently harmful,
_________________ occurs. - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell injury



What are the causes of cell death? - CORRECT ANSWER - causes include ischemia,
infections, toxins, immune reactions, normal and essential process

,What are the factors that affect stress on a cell? - CORRECT ANSWER - Vulnerability
Differentiation
Blood Supply
State of nutrition
State of cellular health


What are the molecular and biochemical levels that stress may affect? - CORRECT
ANSWER - •Maintenance of cellular membrane
•Maintenance of ionic/osmotic balance
•Energy production by the cell
•Protein synthesis
•Genetic apparatus


Adaptations are (reversible/irreversible?) changes in the number, size, metabolic

activity, and functions of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Reversible



What are the two basic types of cellular adaptation? - CORRECT ANSWER - Physiologic
and pathologic


An adaptation that is a cellular response to normal stimulation - CORRECT ANSWER -
Physiologic


An adaptation that is a cellular response to avoid injury - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pathologic


Increase in the size of cells resulting in
increase in the size of the organ
A. Atrophy

,B. Dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

E. Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER - D. Hypertrophy


An increase in cell number or the cells capability to replicate
A. Atrophy
B. Dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

E. Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Hyperplasia


A decrease in size of the cell by loss of cell substance
A. Atrophy
B. Dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

E. Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Atrophy


A reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type
A. Atrophy
B. Dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

E. Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER - E. Metaplasia


An abnormal and disorderly development of cells
A. Atrophy

, B. Dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

E. Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Dysplasia


A weight lifer increases the size of their cells resulting in the size of their muscles. This is an
example of which of the following?
A. Physiologic Hyperlasia
B. Physiologic Hypertrophy
C. Pathologic Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic Hypertrophy

E. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Physiologic Hypertrophy


Cardiac enlargement due to aortic valve stenosis. This is an example of which of the following?
A. Physiologic Hyperlasia
B. Physiologic Hypertrophy
C. Pathologic Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic Hypertrophy

E. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - D. Pathologic Hypertrophy


Breast changes during pregnancy and lactation. This is an example of which of the following?
A. Physiologic Hyperlasia
B. Physiologic Hypertrophy
C. Pathologic Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic Hypertrophy

E. None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Physiologic Hyperlasia