Pediatrics HESI 2023
1. A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The
pediatrician prescribes dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq
KCl/100 ml to be infused at 25 ml/hour. Prior to initiating the infusion, the
nurse should obtain which assessment finding? - Serum BUN and
creatinine levels.
adding potassium = need adequate renal function + urine output
10. An 18-month-old is admitted to the hospital with possible
Hirschsprung's disease. When obtaining a nursing history, the nurse asks
about bowel habits. What description of the disease? - Ribbon-like and
brown.
Hirschsprung's is a mechanical obstruction in part of the intestines resulting
in inadequate motility.
Bile-colored and watery = gastroenteritis
Foul-smelling and fatty = cystic fibrosis
Semi-solid and yellow= normal in breast fed neonates
,11. A 4-year-old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic
visit. The mother appears irritated with the child and asks the nurse, "Is this
normal behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's response should be
based on which information? - Children need to retain a sense of initiative
without impinging on the rights and privileges of others.
-Children aged 3 to 6 are in Erickson's "Initiative vs. Guilt" stage, which is
characterized by vigorous, intrusive behavior, enterprise, and strong
imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience and must learn to
retain a sense of initiative without impinging on the rights of others
12. The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old. What behavior indicates that the
child's language development is within normal limits? - Half of child's
speech is understandable (15-24 months)
by 18 months is capable of making a three word sentence.
3-5 years old is able to name four colors & count five blocks
13. A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his
regular physical examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently
,associated with Down syndrome? - Congenital heart disease is the most
common defect found in those with DS
14. The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-old female
client who is scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which
statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken place? - I
understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught
me to turn
15. A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent
should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder? - Nystatin
(Mycostatin).
16. A full term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful
assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal
atresia. Which symptoms are this newborn likely to exhibit? - Choking,
coughing, and cyanosis.
17. The nurse is teaching a 12-year-old male adolescent and his family
about taking injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism.
Which adverse symptoms, commonly associated with growth hormone
, therapy, should the nurse plan to describe to the child and his family? -
Polyuria and polydipsia
growth hormone causes increase in blood sugar
*monitor for diabetes
18. As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and
palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to
the healthcare provider? - A 6-month-old with failure to thrive that has a
closed anterior fontanel.
19. A nurse provides the parents with information on health maintenance
for their child with sickle cell disease. Which information reflected by the
parents indicates understanding of the child's care? - Plenty of fluids should
be consumed daily
hydration #1 priority to prevent viscosity of blood; since the sickle cell can
impact the spleen, liver, kidney, bones and CNS this can increase the risk
for infection w/ decreased or no function of the spleen a routine
immunization schedule is needed
1. A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The
pediatrician prescribes dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq
KCl/100 ml to be infused at 25 ml/hour. Prior to initiating the infusion, the
nurse should obtain which assessment finding? - Serum BUN and
creatinine levels.
adding potassium = need adequate renal function + urine output
10. An 18-month-old is admitted to the hospital with possible
Hirschsprung's disease. When obtaining a nursing history, the nurse asks
about bowel habits. What description of the disease? - Ribbon-like and
brown.
Hirschsprung's is a mechanical obstruction in part of the intestines resulting
in inadequate motility.
Bile-colored and watery = gastroenteritis
Foul-smelling and fatty = cystic fibrosis
Semi-solid and yellow= normal in breast fed neonates
,11. A 4-year-old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic
visit. The mother appears irritated with the child and asks the nurse, "Is this
normal behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's response should be
based on which information? - Children need to retain a sense of initiative
without impinging on the rights and privileges of others.
-Children aged 3 to 6 are in Erickson's "Initiative vs. Guilt" stage, which is
characterized by vigorous, intrusive behavior, enterprise, and strong
imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience and must learn to
retain a sense of initiative without impinging on the rights of others
12. The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old. What behavior indicates that the
child's language development is within normal limits? - Half of child's
speech is understandable (15-24 months)
by 18 months is capable of making a three word sentence.
3-5 years old is able to name four colors & count five blocks
13. A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his
regular physical examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently
,associated with Down syndrome? - Congenital heart disease is the most
common defect found in those with DS
14. The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-old female
client who is scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which
statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken place? - I
understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught
me to turn
15. A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent
should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder? - Nystatin
(Mycostatin).
16. A full term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful
assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal
atresia. Which symptoms are this newborn likely to exhibit? - Choking,
coughing, and cyanosis.
17. The nurse is teaching a 12-year-old male adolescent and his family
about taking injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism.
Which adverse symptoms, commonly associated with growth hormone
, therapy, should the nurse plan to describe to the child and his family? -
Polyuria and polydipsia
growth hormone causes increase in blood sugar
*monitor for diabetes
18. As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and
palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to
the healthcare provider? - A 6-month-old with failure to thrive that has a
closed anterior fontanel.
19. A nurse provides the parents with information on health maintenance
for their child with sickle cell disease. Which information reflected by the
parents indicates understanding of the child's care? - Plenty of fluids should
be consumed daily
hydration #1 priority to prevent viscosity of blood; since the sickle cell can
impact the spleen, liver, kidney, bones and CNS this can increase the risk
for infection w/ decreased or no function of the spleen a routine
immunization schedule is needed
