1|Page
NUR 502 – Advanced Pathophysiology Study
Guide
📘 Course: NUR 502 – Advanced Pathophysiology
📅 Exam/Review: Comprehensive Case-Based Study Guide
📑 Document Contents
This study guide provides an in-depth review of advanced pathophysiology concepts and
clinical scenarios for nursing practice. Topics covered include:
• Renal & Urinary System: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, nephrotic
syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, nephroblastoma, urinary tract infections,
incontinence, glomerulonephritis
• Reproductive System: Male and female reproductive disorders, erectile dysfunction,
benign prostatic hypertrophy, testicular disorders, ovarian cysts, polycystic ovarian
syndrome, menstrual disorders
• Endocrine & Hormonal Regulation: Antidiuretic hormone, sex hormone-binding
globulin, reproductive hormones, menstrual cycle regulation
• Cardiovascular & Fluid Balance: Heart failure, renal compensatory mechanisms, fluid
retention, diuresis
• Infectious & Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes simplex
virus, human papillomavirus, premenstrual syndrome
• Diagnostic & Monitoring Parameters: Laboratory values, imaging studies, clinical
signs and symptoms, pharmacologic interventions
🔑 Keywords:
NUR 502 study guide, advanced pathophysiology review, renal disorders, reproductive health,
urinary tract infections, endocrine regulation, NGN case scenarios, sexually transmitted
infections, nephroblastoma, polycystic ovarian syndrome
✨ Use this guide to review critical pathophysiology concepts, reinforce clinical reasoning, and
ensure readiness for exams and clinical application.
,2|Page
During times of increasing blood volume such as in heart failure, a
compensatory renal response is:
A) afferent arteriole vasoconstriction and efferent arteriole vasodilation to
promote reabsorption of fluid.
B) release of urodilatin, which inhibits water and sodium reabsorption
thereby leading to diuresis.
C) inhibition of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides to prevent fluid
retention. D) increase in antidiuretic hormone release which promotes
diuresis.
B
A 70-year-old woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis has difficulty with
activities of daily living such as eating and dressing herself. She also states
that she sometimes is incontinent of urine because she has trouble walking
to the bathroom because of pain and getting her underwear off quickly
enough. The type of incontinence she is describing is:
A) gross.
B) mixed.
C) stress.
D) functional.
, 3|Page
D
A mother is concerned about her 5-year-old son wetting his bed at night.
She says he has rarely had a "dry" night and during the day he does not
have accidents. What is the most likely cause of this enuresis?
A) Urine infection
B) Reduced antidiuretic hormone response
C) Normal delay in voiding control maturation
D) Detrusor overstretching from holding his urine during the daytime
C
Which of the following is an accurate description of a flaccid bladder?
A) The bladder is generally overactive with frequency and urgency.
B) It is often the result of central nervous system disorders such as a stroke.
C) Damage to the innervation from the bladder to the spinal cord causes
detrusor areflexia.
D) There are mainly problems with the storage of urine.
C
Escherichia coli is a common organism implicated in uncomplicated urinary
tract infections because:
A) it is more virulent than other bacteria.
NUR 502 – Advanced Pathophysiology Study
Guide
📘 Course: NUR 502 – Advanced Pathophysiology
📅 Exam/Review: Comprehensive Case-Based Study Guide
📑 Document Contents
This study guide provides an in-depth review of advanced pathophysiology concepts and
clinical scenarios for nursing practice. Topics covered include:
• Renal & Urinary System: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, nephrotic
syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, nephroblastoma, urinary tract infections,
incontinence, glomerulonephritis
• Reproductive System: Male and female reproductive disorders, erectile dysfunction,
benign prostatic hypertrophy, testicular disorders, ovarian cysts, polycystic ovarian
syndrome, menstrual disorders
• Endocrine & Hormonal Regulation: Antidiuretic hormone, sex hormone-binding
globulin, reproductive hormones, menstrual cycle regulation
• Cardiovascular & Fluid Balance: Heart failure, renal compensatory mechanisms, fluid
retention, diuresis
• Infectious & Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes simplex
virus, human papillomavirus, premenstrual syndrome
• Diagnostic & Monitoring Parameters: Laboratory values, imaging studies, clinical
signs and symptoms, pharmacologic interventions
🔑 Keywords:
NUR 502 study guide, advanced pathophysiology review, renal disorders, reproductive health,
urinary tract infections, endocrine regulation, NGN case scenarios, sexually transmitted
infections, nephroblastoma, polycystic ovarian syndrome
✨ Use this guide to review critical pathophysiology concepts, reinforce clinical reasoning, and
ensure readiness for exams and clinical application.
,2|Page
During times of increasing blood volume such as in heart failure, a
compensatory renal response is:
A) afferent arteriole vasoconstriction and efferent arteriole vasodilation to
promote reabsorption of fluid.
B) release of urodilatin, which inhibits water and sodium reabsorption
thereby leading to diuresis.
C) inhibition of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides to prevent fluid
retention. D) increase in antidiuretic hormone release which promotes
diuresis.
B
A 70-year-old woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis has difficulty with
activities of daily living such as eating and dressing herself. She also states
that she sometimes is incontinent of urine because she has trouble walking
to the bathroom because of pain and getting her underwear off quickly
enough. The type of incontinence she is describing is:
A) gross.
B) mixed.
C) stress.
D) functional.
, 3|Page
D
A mother is concerned about her 5-year-old son wetting his bed at night.
She says he has rarely had a "dry" night and during the day he does not
have accidents. What is the most likely cause of this enuresis?
A) Urine infection
B) Reduced antidiuretic hormone response
C) Normal delay in voiding control maturation
D) Detrusor overstretching from holding his urine during the daytime
C
Which of the following is an accurate description of a flaccid bladder?
A) The bladder is generally overactive with frequency and urgency.
B) It is often the result of central nervous system disorders such as a stroke.
C) Damage to the innervation from the bladder to the spinal cord causes
detrusor areflexia.
D) There are mainly problems with the storage of urine.
C
Escherichia coli is a common organism implicated in uncomplicated urinary
tract infections because:
A) it is more virulent than other bacteria.
