ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy Certificate 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Answers | 100%
Pass
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function
The Normal Cell Cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-The cell cycle refers to the ordered
seres of processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing
complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cell division produces two
identical cells through these two major phases
,During interphase: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cell grows and DNA is replicated
through the following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-DNA replicates
,-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Replicated chromosomes are
aligned, separated, and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-G1
checkpoint
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, -M phase
Restriction Point - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-The transition from the resting phase
into an actively dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular
transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a
restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and GF are required to
send the cells past the restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-After mitosis, cells may enter
back into the G1 phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in G0 phase) - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔-Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically active, such as
Immunotherapy Certificate 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Answers | 100%
Pass
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function
The Normal Cell Cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-The cell cycle refers to the ordered
seres of processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing
complexes molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cell division produces two
identical cells through these two major phases
,During interphase: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cell grows and DNA is replicated
through the following three steps:
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-DNA replicates
,-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Replicated chromosomes are
aligned, separated, and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-G1
checkpoint
-S Phase
-G2 checkpoint
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, -M phase
Restriction Point - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-The transition from the resting phase
into an actively dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular
transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a
restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and GF are required to
send the cells past the restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-After mitosis, cells may enter
back into the G1 phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in G0 phase) - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔-Exceptions to this are those that are metabollically active, such as
