MLS ASCP Chemistry (2025/2026) | 200+ Verified Q&A on Electrolytes, Glucose, Lipids, Proteins, Enzymes, Acid-Base, Hormones & Renal Panels

This MLS ASCP Chemistry (2025/2026) exam guide offers 200+ precisely answered questions aligned with the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) Board of Certification content guidelines. It is meticulously structured for Medical Laboratory Science (MLS/MLT) students, and those preparing for certification or licensure exams in clinical chemistry. Organized for efficient review, this study set covers high-yield content from core lab procedures to advanced biochemical understanding, including analyte behavior, testing methods, quality control, and interpretation. Key topics covered: Specimen Handling & Pre-analytical Variables: Tube additives (heparin, fluoride), hemolysis effects (KLAMP), sample stability Glucose Metabolism & Diabetes Markers: FPG, Hgb A1c, eAG, fructosamine, insulin, glucose oxidase, hexokinase Electrolytes & Osmolality: Sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, anion gap (w/ and w/o K), osmolality calculations Lipid & Lipoprotein Panels: HDL, LDL, VLDL, Friedewald formula, triglycerides, apolipoproteins Protein Chemistry: Total protein (Biuret, Kjeldahl), electrophoresis patterns, albumin, globulins (α1, α2, β, γ), acute phase reactants Liver Function Tests & Enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, 5’NT, ACP, cholinesterase, ABC mnemonic for liver enzyme elevation Pancreatic Enzymes: Amylase, lipase, reference ranges and specificity Renal Function & Clearance Testing: Creatinine (Jaffe), BUN, urinalysis markers, clearance formulas, osmoregulation Acid-Base Balance & ABG Interpretation: Metabolic/respiratory acidosis/alkalosis, compensation, blood gas interpretation Hormones & Endocrine Markers: PTH, vitamin D, calcitonin, insulin, glucose regulatory hormones (GAG CHET) Iron Studies & Anemia Differentials: Ferritin, TIBC, transferrin, iron saturation, HH, ACD, IDA Cardiac Markers: CK isoenzymes, myoglobin, troponins (cTnT, cTnI), BNP Porphyrin Testing & Special Assays: Watson-Schwartz, xylose, procalcitonin, hormone clearance methods Ideal for: MLS, MLT, and Clinical Chemistry students ASCP BOC candidates (MLS/MLT Chemistry focus) Pathology residents, Lab techs, and Biomedical Science majors Students preparing for NCLEX, NCA, or international lab science boards Formatted with quick recall mnemonics (e.g., KLAMP, GAG CHET, ABC) and calculation formulas (e.g., Friedewald, Anion Gap, Creatinine Clearance) to make studying faster and more practical. Keywords: ASCP chemistry, MLS exam, MLT review, heparin tube, KLAMP mnemonic, glucose oxidase, Hgb A1c, eAG formula, insulin, electrolytes, sodium, potassium, chloride, anion gap, osmolality, lipids, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, albumin, globulins, liver enzymes, ALT, AST, GGT, pancreatic enzymes, creatinine clearance, BUN, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, vitamin D, PTH, ferritin, TIBC, troponin, BNP, porphobilinogen, Jaffe reaction