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Samenvatting hoofdstuk 13 - Nova 6 vwo/gymnasium scheikunde Leeropdrachtenboek

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Samenvatting hoofdstuk 13 analysetechnieken Nova 6 vwo/gymnasium scheikunde Leeropdrachtenboek

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Hoofdstuk 13: analysetechnieken



13.1 Analyse en onderzoek
Analyse
Kwalitatieve analyse -> gericht op identificeren stoffen
Kwantitatieve analyse -> exacte hoeveelheid van bestanddelen
Monsters
- Kleine representatieve hoeveelheid materiaal
Controlemetingen
- Negatieve controle -> zeker geen aan te tonen stof
- Positieve controle -> zeker wel aan te tonen stof
Betrouwbaarheid
- Representatief monster
- Uitkomst positieve en negatieve controle
- Kwaliteit meetapparatuur
- Duplo-meting -> 2e meetresultaat: 1e controleren en
betrouwbaarheid vergroten
Nauwkeurigheid
- Glaswerk en meetapparatuur
- Significantie
Onderzoek
1. Onafhankelijke variabele -> grootheid varieert
2. Afhankelijke variabele -> wat je meet
3. Controlevariabele -> factoren die constant blijven
Scheidingsmethoden
Destilleren en indampen
- Verschil in kookpunt
- Destillaat -> wat als eerste verdampt
- Residu -> stof die overblijft
Bezinken en centrifugeren
- Verschil in dichtheid
- Grootste dichtheid -> zakt naar de bodem
Filtreren
- Verschil in deeltjesgrootte
- Filtraat -> stof die de filter passeert
Extraheren
- Verschil in oplosbaarheid
- Oplosmiddel = extractiemiddel
- Polair oplosmiddel -> kan waterstofbruggen/dipool-dipoolbindingen
vormen.

, - Apolair oplosmiddel -> moleculen van apolaire of hydrofobe stoffen
- Wassen -> scheiden van verschillende gassen in een gasmengsel,
doordat een of meer gassen wel oplossen in een bepaald
oplosmiddel.
Adsorberen
- Verschil in aanhechtingsvermogen
- Adsorptiemiddel

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Hoofdstuk 13
Uploaded on
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Number of pages
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Written in
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Type
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