UMN NURS 4301 Adults Exam 2 Questions With Complete
Solutions
A nurse is walking by a patient in a hospital hallway. The
patient tells the nurse he is experiencing chest pain. What are
some actions from the nurse? Correct Answer Have the
patient sit down-decrease oxygen demand
Take vital signs
Assess pain
Administer nitroglycerin
Adminster O2
Asses for medical emergency
Although hypertension often has no symptoms until it is severe,
why do we need to treat it? Correct Answer Hypertension can
lead to many negative complications in the body including target
organ disease and renal failure
Angina occurs when arteries are blocked ____% or more
Correct Answer Angina occurs when arteries are blocked 75%
or more
Anxiety is what? Correct Answer An emotional and physical
response to stress
At what point is drug therapy usually prescribed in patients with
CAD? Correct Answer When exercise and diet change are not
sufficient
,Because Beta 1 receptors are coupled to calcium channel
blockers, beta 1 blockers and caclium channel blockers have an
identical effect on the heart
TRUE
FALSE Correct Answer TRUE
Can thiazide diuretics interact with other antihypertensive
medications? Correct Answer Yes, they can have an additive
effect and decrease BP toomuch
Contraction of a muscle is regulated by the amount of ______
ions in the muscle cell Correct Answer Contraction of a
muscle is regulated by the amount of CALCIUM ions in the
muscle cell
Define afterload Correct Answer The amount of resistance the
left ventricle must overcome to pump blood
Define Agorpophobia Correct Answer Fear of open spaces
(fear of leaving your home)
Define Agression Correct Answer A behavior that is intended
to harm, hurt, dominate, or show revenge
Define anger Correct Answer A strong uncomfotarable
feeling
Define blood pressure Correct Answer The measurement of
the force against artery walls
,Define Heart disease Correct Answer Diseases that involve
the heart and/or blood vessels
Define hypertensive emergency Correct Answer It is severely
high BP (220/140) that develops over hours-days. It needs to be
corrected immediately and has signs of target organ disease,
they could include: MI, acute left ventricular failure,
retionpathy, kidney failure, stroke, dossecting aortic anyuersm
Define hypertensive urgency Correct Answer It is severely
high BP (180/110) that develops over day-weeks. It needs to be
corrected but there is no sign of target organ disease
Define Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Correct Answer It is
a blood vessel disorder characterized by atherosclorosis that
limits blood flow to arteries in the extrememities
Define Preload Correct Answer The volume of blood in the
ventricles at the end of diastole
Define violence Correct Answer A behavior with great
intensity can be planned or reactive
Describe 2.Fatty Streak Correct Answer -Once inside the
endotherlial tissue, monocytes differentiate into macrophages.
tissue becomes more permeable to LDL, so it enters and
macrophages engulf the lipids and become foamy cells, they
eventually die and leave behind fat deposits
Describe 3. Fibrous Cap Correct Answer A fibrous capsule
engulfs around the fatty streak deposit over time
, Describe 4. Complicated lesion Correct Answer A
complicated lesion occurs when the fibrous capsule is damaged
and a thrombus forms around it, this can lead to blood flow
blockage at the site, or it can have an embolus break off and
cause blockage downstream
Describe angina pectoris Correct Answer Angina pectoris is
when myocardial oxygen supply can not meet myocardial
oxygen demand resulting in myocardial ischemia (pain)
Describe Bipolar TypeI Correct Answer major depression,
manic or mixed episodes
Describe chonic stable agina Correct Answer It is reversible
and intermittent it is usually brough on by exertion or emotional
stress, episodes of pain tend to be alike
Describe clinical manifestation of intrarenal failur Correct
Answer Sudden oliguria, azoetmia (Bun is 10:1 creatinine)
Fractional ejection of sodium is high, urine may be muddy
brown
Describe clinical manifestations of post renal injury Correct
Answer Back and flank pain, azotemia, sudden oliguira,
hydronephrosis
Describe how Diabetes effects risk for CAD Correct Answer
It greatly increases risk, excess sugar can damage the blood
vessels
Solutions
A nurse is walking by a patient in a hospital hallway. The
patient tells the nurse he is experiencing chest pain. What are
some actions from the nurse? Correct Answer Have the
patient sit down-decrease oxygen demand
Take vital signs
Assess pain
Administer nitroglycerin
Adminster O2
Asses for medical emergency
Although hypertension often has no symptoms until it is severe,
why do we need to treat it? Correct Answer Hypertension can
lead to many negative complications in the body including target
organ disease and renal failure
Angina occurs when arteries are blocked ____% or more
Correct Answer Angina occurs when arteries are blocked 75%
or more
Anxiety is what? Correct Answer An emotional and physical
response to stress
At what point is drug therapy usually prescribed in patients with
CAD? Correct Answer When exercise and diet change are not
sufficient
,Because Beta 1 receptors are coupled to calcium channel
blockers, beta 1 blockers and caclium channel blockers have an
identical effect on the heart
TRUE
FALSE Correct Answer TRUE
Can thiazide diuretics interact with other antihypertensive
medications? Correct Answer Yes, they can have an additive
effect and decrease BP toomuch
Contraction of a muscle is regulated by the amount of ______
ions in the muscle cell Correct Answer Contraction of a
muscle is regulated by the amount of CALCIUM ions in the
muscle cell
Define afterload Correct Answer The amount of resistance the
left ventricle must overcome to pump blood
Define Agorpophobia Correct Answer Fear of open spaces
(fear of leaving your home)
Define Agression Correct Answer A behavior that is intended
to harm, hurt, dominate, or show revenge
Define anger Correct Answer A strong uncomfotarable
feeling
Define blood pressure Correct Answer The measurement of
the force against artery walls
,Define Heart disease Correct Answer Diseases that involve
the heart and/or blood vessels
Define hypertensive emergency Correct Answer It is severely
high BP (220/140) that develops over hours-days. It needs to be
corrected immediately and has signs of target organ disease,
they could include: MI, acute left ventricular failure,
retionpathy, kidney failure, stroke, dossecting aortic anyuersm
Define hypertensive urgency Correct Answer It is severely
high BP (180/110) that develops over day-weeks. It needs to be
corrected but there is no sign of target organ disease
Define Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Correct Answer It is
a blood vessel disorder characterized by atherosclorosis that
limits blood flow to arteries in the extrememities
Define Preload Correct Answer The volume of blood in the
ventricles at the end of diastole
Define violence Correct Answer A behavior with great
intensity can be planned or reactive
Describe 2.Fatty Streak Correct Answer -Once inside the
endotherlial tissue, monocytes differentiate into macrophages.
tissue becomes more permeable to LDL, so it enters and
macrophages engulf the lipids and become foamy cells, they
eventually die and leave behind fat deposits
Describe 3. Fibrous Cap Correct Answer A fibrous capsule
engulfs around the fatty streak deposit over time
, Describe 4. Complicated lesion Correct Answer A
complicated lesion occurs when the fibrous capsule is damaged
and a thrombus forms around it, this can lead to blood flow
blockage at the site, or it can have an embolus break off and
cause blockage downstream
Describe angina pectoris Correct Answer Angina pectoris is
when myocardial oxygen supply can not meet myocardial
oxygen demand resulting in myocardial ischemia (pain)
Describe Bipolar TypeI Correct Answer major depression,
manic or mixed episodes
Describe chonic stable agina Correct Answer It is reversible
and intermittent it is usually brough on by exertion or emotional
stress, episodes of pain tend to be alike
Describe clinical manifestation of intrarenal failur Correct
Answer Sudden oliguria, azoetmia (Bun is 10:1 creatinine)
Fractional ejection of sodium is high, urine may be muddy
brown
Describe clinical manifestations of post renal injury Correct
Answer Back and flank pain, azotemia, sudden oliguira,
hydronephrosis
Describe how Diabetes effects risk for CAD Correct Answer
It greatly increases risk, excess sugar can damage the blood
vessels
