Bio 325
BIO 325 - Exam 1 Questions with Correct
Verified Solutions 2025
paradigm shift -Correct Answers ✔-a fundamental change in approach or
underlying assumptions.
- When Charles Darwin laid out his theory of evolution, the way we originally
thought had entirely changed
Darwin's Two Revolutionary Ideas -Correct Answers ✔-1. The diversity of life we
see has descended from previously existing species, which share a common
ancestor further back in time
2. The fit of species to their environment is a result of natural selection (a gradual
process in which forms better suited to their environment increase in frequency in
population over sufficiently long periods of time
Descent with Modification -Correct Answers ✔-The process of needing to
understand evolution fully, which includes needing to know the ancestral species
from which it descended, and what sort of modifications occurred along the way
Artificial Selection -Correct Answers ✔-Artificial selection is the process of
humans selectively breeding organisms by choosing which organisms reproduce on
account of the traits they have which are more beneficial to humans.
- In natural selection, traits that result in survival and reproduction increase in
frequency in a population over time. On the other hand, humans are selecting
which traits increase in population frequency on the basis that those traits are more
beneficial to them.
- Darwin spent a lot of time with Artificial Selection as he noticed humans can
breed for which traits are inherited, better explains the process of natural selection.
Bio 325
, Bio 325
antibiotic resistance -Correct Answers ✔-Antibiotics are created in order to kill
certain disease-causing bacteria. However, resistance to such bacteria occurs when
certain bacteria contain traits that are better suited against such antibiotics,
resulting in increased fitness, increase in frequency in a population.
Phylogenetic Trees -Correct Answers ✔-Branching diagrams that depict
hypotheses about evolutionary relationships.
- Provides us with a map of the history of life which reflects descent with
modification that gave rise to all living forms
- Phylogenetic diversity is the evolutionary history represented by current living
species → describes the relationships that organisms have with one another, which
may include shared ancestors, traits, etc.
Darwin's Theory vs. Lamarck's -Correct Answers ✔-In Lamarck's theory, species
evolve independently and in parallel; whereas in Darwins theory, species are
descended from one another and contain common ancestors to form a branching
tree of life
Antagonistic Pleiotropy -Correct Answers ✔-The same genes that codes for
beneficial effects also codes for deleterious effects in other contexts
- Pleiotropic: when genes affect more than one characteristic
Monophyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A group that consist of single ancestor
and ALL of its descendants
Paraphyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A group that contains the group's most
common ancestor but not all of its descendants
Polyphyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A taxon that consist of unrelated
organisms who are from a different recent common ancestor, but display
similarities due to convergence
Bio 325
BIO 325 - Exam 1 Questions with Correct
Verified Solutions 2025
paradigm shift -Correct Answers ✔-a fundamental change in approach or
underlying assumptions.
- When Charles Darwin laid out his theory of evolution, the way we originally
thought had entirely changed
Darwin's Two Revolutionary Ideas -Correct Answers ✔-1. The diversity of life we
see has descended from previously existing species, which share a common
ancestor further back in time
2. The fit of species to their environment is a result of natural selection (a gradual
process in which forms better suited to their environment increase in frequency in
population over sufficiently long periods of time
Descent with Modification -Correct Answers ✔-The process of needing to
understand evolution fully, which includes needing to know the ancestral species
from which it descended, and what sort of modifications occurred along the way
Artificial Selection -Correct Answers ✔-Artificial selection is the process of
humans selectively breeding organisms by choosing which organisms reproduce on
account of the traits they have which are more beneficial to humans.
- In natural selection, traits that result in survival and reproduction increase in
frequency in a population over time. On the other hand, humans are selecting
which traits increase in population frequency on the basis that those traits are more
beneficial to them.
- Darwin spent a lot of time with Artificial Selection as he noticed humans can
breed for which traits are inherited, better explains the process of natural selection.
Bio 325
, Bio 325
antibiotic resistance -Correct Answers ✔-Antibiotics are created in order to kill
certain disease-causing bacteria. However, resistance to such bacteria occurs when
certain bacteria contain traits that are better suited against such antibiotics,
resulting in increased fitness, increase in frequency in a population.
Phylogenetic Trees -Correct Answers ✔-Branching diagrams that depict
hypotheses about evolutionary relationships.
- Provides us with a map of the history of life which reflects descent with
modification that gave rise to all living forms
- Phylogenetic diversity is the evolutionary history represented by current living
species → describes the relationships that organisms have with one another, which
may include shared ancestors, traits, etc.
Darwin's Theory vs. Lamarck's -Correct Answers ✔-In Lamarck's theory, species
evolve independently and in parallel; whereas in Darwins theory, species are
descended from one another and contain common ancestors to form a branching
tree of life
Antagonistic Pleiotropy -Correct Answers ✔-The same genes that codes for
beneficial effects also codes for deleterious effects in other contexts
- Pleiotropic: when genes affect more than one characteristic
Monophyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A group that consist of single ancestor
and ALL of its descendants
Paraphyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A group that contains the group's most
common ancestor but not all of its descendants
Polyphyletic group -Correct Answers ✔-A taxon that consist of unrelated
organisms who are from a different recent common ancestor, but display
similarities due to convergence
Bio 325
