PHARMACOLOGY PRACTICE HESI EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED
The nurse is caring for a client who has taken atenolol for 2 years. The
healthcare provider recently changed the medication to enalapril to
manage the client's blood pressure. Which instruction should the nurse
provide the client regarding the new medication? - ANSWER->A. Take
the medication at bedtime.
B. Report presence of increased bruising.
C. Check pulse before taking medication.
D. Rise slowly when getting out of bed or chair. Correct
The client's new medication is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitor, which has the side effect oforthostatic hypotension.
Instructing the client to rise slowly from a sitting or lying down position
is important to teach the client to avoid dizziness and potentially falling.
A female client calls the clinic and talks with the nurse to inquire about
a possible reaction after taking amoxicillin for 5 days. She reports
having vaginal discomfort, itching, and a white discharge. The nurse
should discuss which action with the client? - ANSWER->Discontinue
the antibiotic because original symptoms have subsided.
,Continue taking medication until finished until the symptoms subside.
Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this
effect. Correct
Use an over-the-counter (OTC) vaginal wash to flush out the secretions.
A superinfection with normal flora yeast may occur during antibiotic
therapy. If suspected, the new onset of findings should be reported to
the healthcare provider for another prescribed treatment to treat the
superinfection.
The nurse is making early morning rounds on a group of clients when a
client begins exhibiting symptoms of an acute asthma attack. The nurse
administers a PRN prescription for a Beta 2 receptor agonist agent.
Which client response should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-
>Tachycardia.
Increased blood pressure.
Rapid resolution of wheezing. Correct
,Improved pulse oximetry values. Correct
Reduce fever airway inflammation.
Beta 2 receptor agonist agents should provide immediate return of
airflow and resolve wheezing and improve oxygenation.
A client prescribed atenolol has a blood pressure of 120/68 mmHg,
displaying a sinus bradycardia with a rate of 58 beats/minute, and a P-R
interval of 0.24. Which action should the nurse take? - ANSWER->Lower
the head of the bed and assess the client for orthostatic vital sign
changes.
Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor the client.
Correct
Prepare to administer atropine sulfate IV push.
Hold the prescribed dose and contact the healthcare provider.
, Since the client's blood pressure is within normal limits, and the pulse is
above 50 beats/min with a first degree block, the medication can be
administered. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that slows the heart rate and
lowers the blood pressure; this drug is generally held if the heart rate is
less than 50 beats/min or the client exhibits dizziness related to
hypotension.
The nurse is preparing the 0900 dose of losartan (Cozaar), an
angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), for a client with hypertension and
heart failure. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and notes
that the client's serum potassium level is 5.9 mEq/L. Which action
should the nurse take first? - ANSWER->Withhold the scheduled dose.
Correct
Check the client's apical pulse.
Notify the healthcare provider.
Repeat the serum potassium level.
The nurse should first withhold the scheduled dose of Cozaar because
the client is hyperkalemic (normal range 3.5 to 5 mEq/l). Although
ANSWERS UPDATED
The nurse is caring for a client who has taken atenolol for 2 years. The
healthcare provider recently changed the medication to enalapril to
manage the client's blood pressure. Which instruction should the nurse
provide the client regarding the new medication? - ANSWER->A. Take
the medication at bedtime.
B. Report presence of increased bruising.
C. Check pulse before taking medication.
D. Rise slowly when getting out of bed or chair. Correct
The client's new medication is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitor, which has the side effect oforthostatic hypotension.
Instructing the client to rise slowly from a sitting or lying down position
is important to teach the client to avoid dizziness and potentially falling.
A female client calls the clinic and talks with the nurse to inquire about
a possible reaction after taking amoxicillin for 5 days. She reports
having vaginal discomfort, itching, and a white discharge. The nurse
should discuss which action with the client? - ANSWER->Discontinue
the antibiotic because original symptoms have subsided.
,Continue taking medication until finished until the symptoms subside.
Consult with healthcare provider about another treatment for this
effect. Correct
Use an over-the-counter (OTC) vaginal wash to flush out the secretions.
A superinfection with normal flora yeast may occur during antibiotic
therapy. If suspected, the new onset of findings should be reported to
the healthcare provider for another prescribed treatment to treat the
superinfection.
The nurse is making early morning rounds on a group of clients when a
client begins exhibiting symptoms of an acute asthma attack. The nurse
administers a PRN prescription for a Beta 2 receptor agonist agent.
Which client response should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-
>Tachycardia.
Increased blood pressure.
Rapid resolution of wheezing. Correct
,Improved pulse oximetry values. Correct
Reduce fever airway inflammation.
Beta 2 receptor agonist agents should provide immediate return of
airflow and resolve wheezing and improve oxygenation.
A client prescribed atenolol has a blood pressure of 120/68 mmHg,
displaying a sinus bradycardia with a rate of 58 beats/minute, and a P-R
interval of 0.24. Which action should the nurse take? - ANSWER->Lower
the head of the bed and assess the client for orthostatic vital sign
changes.
Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor the client.
Correct
Prepare to administer atropine sulfate IV push.
Hold the prescribed dose and contact the healthcare provider.
, Since the client's blood pressure is within normal limits, and the pulse is
above 50 beats/min with a first degree block, the medication can be
administered. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that slows the heart rate and
lowers the blood pressure; this drug is generally held if the heart rate is
less than 50 beats/min or the client exhibits dizziness related to
hypotension.
The nurse is preparing the 0900 dose of losartan (Cozaar), an
angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), for a client with hypertension and
heart failure. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and notes
that the client's serum potassium level is 5.9 mEq/L. Which action
should the nurse take first? - ANSWER->Withhold the scheduled dose.
Correct
Check the client's apical pulse.
Notify the healthcare provider.
Repeat the serum potassium level.
The nurse should first withhold the scheduled dose of Cozaar because
the client is hyperkalemic (normal range 3.5 to 5 mEq/l). Although
