1 | Page
ORTHOTICS CPM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2025 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT SOLUTIONS.
AFO casting - correct answer- 1. Don gloves and gather
materials
2. Take measurements either on form or calf circumference,
ankle circumference, fib head height, foot length
3. apply 2 layers of stockinette
4. mark landmarks: fib head/neck, tibial crest, malleoli,
calcaneal tuberosity if prominent, base of 5th met head,
navicular, cuboid, met heads 1 and 5, to sulcus, any other
prominent/painful areas
5. apply cut tube anteriorly and insert into cut slits of stockinette
6. wrap with fiberglass, ensure fib head is captured
7. Use foot board to align foot as neutrally as possible
8. As fiberglass sets draw vertical cut line and horizontal match
lines
9. Use cast saw to cut the cast off. Warn patient of vibration
and loud noise. Use 2 hands and thumb as a guide
10. cut top layer of stockinette and remove cast
11. clean patients leg and remove 2nd layer stockinette. don
shocks and shoes
12. Clean area and answer questions about patient
considerations
,2 | Page
KAFO: Knee joint too distal - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior distal and posterior proximal thigh
2. thigh band shifts proximal
3. cant rotate as much as anatomical knee
KAFO: knee joint too proximal - correct answer- 1. pressure at
posterior distal and anterior proximal of thigh
2. thigh band shifts distal
3. bends too much
KAFO: knee joint too posterior - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior proximal and posterior distal thigh
2. orthosis shifts proximally
KAFO: knee joint too anterior - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior distal and proximal posterior thigh
2. orthosis shifts distally
KAFO: proper knee joint location - correct answer- 1. bisection
of adductor tubercle and medial tibial plateau
2. 60:40 anterior: posterior
,3 | Page
KAFO Trimlines: - correct answer- 1. medial proximal 30 mm
distal to perinneum
2. proximal lateral distal to greater trochanter
3. proximal posterior thigh set at 15 deg slant connecting lateral
to medial
4. popliteal region allows 105 deg knee flexion
KAFO knee joint clearances - correct answer- 6mm medial 3
mm lateral
KAFO ankle clearances - correct answer- 6 mm medial and 5
mm lateral
KAFO analysis - correct answer- 1. Correct side and foot plate
2. proper strapping materials
3. plastic thickness
4. rivets-- speedy rivets not durable for attaching metal uprights
5. plastazote /p-cell packs down quickly
6. check measurements
7. Check proper ankle and knee joints
8. If KAFO doesn't meet patient's needs do not deliver
, 4 | Page
KAFO : varus moment control - correct answer- AFO section: 3
pt pressure 1) prox medial (medial chafe at tibial strap) 2)
proximal lateral malleoli (lateral flange) 3) 1st met head
(encompass)
KAFO hyperextension control after delivery - correct answer- 1)
add padding to calf section
2) increase dorsiassist power (stiffer joints, adjust double
action)
3) increase plantarflexion resistance (pf stop, adjust double
action)
4) add heel wedge to AFO
KAFO joints that prevent hyperextension (without limiting ADLs)
- correct answer- 1. posterior offset
KAFO correct genuvarum/genuvalgum after delivery - correct
answer- 1. add pull strap proximal and distal to the knee joint
so line of pull corrects deformity
2. add padding proximal and distal to KC (if valgus add padding
medially, and if varus add padding laterally) to increase
corrective force
ORTHOTICS CPM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2025 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT SOLUTIONS.
AFO casting - correct answer- 1. Don gloves and gather
materials
2. Take measurements either on form or calf circumference,
ankle circumference, fib head height, foot length
3. apply 2 layers of stockinette
4. mark landmarks: fib head/neck, tibial crest, malleoli,
calcaneal tuberosity if prominent, base of 5th met head,
navicular, cuboid, met heads 1 and 5, to sulcus, any other
prominent/painful areas
5. apply cut tube anteriorly and insert into cut slits of stockinette
6. wrap with fiberglass, ensure fib head is captured
7. Use foot board to align foot as neutrally as possible
8. As fiberglass sets draw vertical cut line and horizontal match
lines
9. Use cast saw to cut the cast off. Warn patient of vibration
and loud noise. Use 2 hands and thumb as a guide
10. cut top layer of stockinette and remove cast
11. clean patients leg and remove 2nd layer stockinette. don
shocks and shoes
12. Clean area and answer questions about patient
considerations
,2 | Page
KAFO: Knee joint too distal - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior distal and posterior proximal thigh
2. thigh band shifts proximal
3. cant rotate as much as anatomical knee
KAFO: knee joint too proximal - correct answer- 1. pressure at
posterior distal and anterior proximal of thigh
2. thigh band shifts distal
3. bends too much
KAFO: knee joint too posterior - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior proximal and posterior distal thigh
2. orthosis shifts proximally
KAFO: knee joint too anterior - correct answer- 1. pressure at
anterior distal and proximal posterior thigh
2. orthosis shifts distally
KAFO: proper knee joint location - correct answer- 1. bisection
of adductor tubercle and medial tibial plateau
2. 60:40 anterior: posterior
,3 | Page
KAFO Trimlines: - correct answer- 1. medial proximal 30 mm
distal to perinneum
2. proximal lateral distal to greater trochanter
3. proximal posterior thigh set at 15 deg slant connecting lateral
to medial
4. popliteal region allows 105 deg knee flexion
KAFO knee joint clearances - correct answer- 6mm medial 3
mm lateral
KAFO ankle clearances - correct answer- 6 mm medial and 5
mm lateral
KAFO analysis - correct answer- 1. Correct side and foot plate
2. proper strapping materials
3. plastic thickness
4. rivets-- speedy rivets not durable for attaching metal uprights
5. plastazote /p-cell packs down quickly
6. check measurements
7. Check proper ankle and knee joints
8. If KAFO doesn't meet patient's needs do not deliver
, 4 | Page
KAFO : varus moment control - correct answer- AFO section: 3
pt pressure 1) prox medial (medial chafe at tibial strap) 2)
proximal lateral malleoli (lateral flange) 3) 1st met head
(encompass)
KAFO hyperextension control after delivery - correct answer- 1)
add padding to calf section
2) increase dorsiassist power (stiffer joints, adjust double
action)
3) increase plantarflexion resistance (pf stop, adjust double
action)
4) add heel wedge to AFO
KAFO joints that prevent hyperextension (without limiting ADLs)
- correct answer- 1. posterior offset
KAFO correct genuvarum/genuvalgum after delivery - correct
answer- 1. add pull strap proximal and distal to the knee joint
so line of pull corrects deformity
2. add padding proximal and distal to KC (if valgus add padding
medially, and if varus add padding laterally) to increase
corrective force
