Medicinal Chemistry Midterm Test
Questions 2025\2026 Answered
Correct.
Medicinal Chemistry - Answer science that deals with the discovery and design of new
therapeutic chemicals and their development into useful medicines
medicines - Answer substances used to treat diseases.
medicinal chemistry involves - Answer isolation of compounds from nature
synthesis of new molecules
investigation of the relationship between the structure of natural/synthetic compounds and
their biological activity
Ode Shelby Riley, 1929 - Answer ouray county museum in co, usa
cure for cancer in 8 pages
(grape, uv light, smoke, honey, clover)
drug - Answer a chemical substance taken deliberately in order to obtain some desirable
effect.
- drugs are used medically or for pleasurable effects
- the first humans, hunter gatherers, by trial and error gradually accumulated knowledge of
plants
Shen-Nung Pen T'sao Ching - Answer published in China
officially the first book that talks about medicinal properties of herbs
became foundation of Chinese medicine
Chinese medicines are usually benign & non-toxic
Ayurvedic Sytem in India - Answer originated 3,000 years ago
much more aggressive compared to Chinese
,De Materie Medica - Answer published in Greece in AD 55 by Dioscorides
- became a reference for 1600 years
Hippocrates - Answer the first schools of rational or scientific medicine were funded by
Hippocrates (natural medicines)
Natural History - Answer founded by Pliny in Ancient Rome AD 60
development in medicinal chemistry
Pharmacopeia - Answer published by Nicholas Culpepper (1616-54) combined herbal
remedies with astrology
William Harvey: circulation of blood - Answer William Harvey's discovery of the circulation of
blood described in De Mortu Cordis (1628)
nothing used to be verified scientifically
people started realizing that experiments can uncover a lot of information
Pasteur: fermentation & preventing anthrax - Answer Pasteur proved fermentation of wine
and souring milk caused by living microorganism; successfully employed inoculations to prevent
anthrax in sheep + cattle, chicken cholera in fowl, and rabies in humans + dogs.
helped with infections.
inoculation, vaccines
Joseph Lister: antiseptic - Answer From Pasteur, in 1965 Joseph Lister at Glasgow University
introduced antiseptic principle to surgery; placed antiseptic barrier of carbolic acid between
wound and germ-containing atmosphere phenol
important milestone for surgery
William Norton: ether, anesthetic - Answer In September 30 1846, American dentist William
Norton introduced ether as an anesthetic
James Young Simpson - Answer professor of midwifery, James Young Simpson, discovered
anesthetic properties of chloroform upon testing it on himself and his assistances.
chloroform used with success in November 1847.
, crude opium to morphine - Answer 1803 isolation of pain killer morphine from crude opium
by Friedrich Serturner
cinchona tree --> quinine - Answer 1820 isolation of antimalarial quinine (treatment of
malaria) from cinchona tree by Pierre Joseph Pelletier & Joseph Caventou
Felix Hoffman @ Bayer --> aspirin - Answer Felix Hoffman @ Bayer was the first to synthesize
aspirin.
His speciality was acetylate compounds (acetylated salicylic acid).
aspirin was the first medication sold as a pill.
Paul Ehrlich + Sahachiro Hata: arsenic, Salvarsan - Answer 1910 Paul Ehrlich + Sahachiro Hata
discovered arsenic containing Salvarsan for treatment of syphilis.
first person to use the term "receptor."
Gerhard Damagk: prontosil - Answer 1932 Gerhard Damagk discovered that the red dye
Prontosil is active against streptococcal infections in mice and humans.
French showed that the active ingredient of Prontosil is Sulfanilamide.
sulfanilamide "sulfa drug" - Answer became very successful antibacterial agent.
lead for development of other derivatives.
pharmacophore - Answer general term that describes the part of the compound that causes
biological activity.
lead - Answer the lead is a prototype compound that has a number of attractive characteristics
such as desired biological activity, but it may have undesirable characteristics.
ex of attractive characteristics: kills bacteria, kills tumor cells, etc.
ex of undesirable characteristics: toxicity
Alexander Fleming: Penicillin G - Answer 1928 penicillin g discovered by accident by Alexander
Fleming
mold on petri dishes (found something in the mold that kills bacteria)
published his finding
Questions 2025\2026 Answered
Correct.
Medicinal Chemistry - Answer science that deals with the discovery and design of new
therapeutic chemicals and their development into useful medicines
medicines - Answer substances used to treat diseases.
medicinal chemistry involves - Answer isolation of compounds from nature
synthesis of new molecules
investigation of the relationship between the structure of natural/synthetic compounds and
their biological activity
Ode Shelby Riley, 1929 - Answer ouray county museum in co, usa
cure for cancer in 8 pages
(grape, uv light, smoke, honey, clover)
drug - Answer a chemical substance taken deliberately in order to obtain some desirable
effect.
- drugs are used medically or for pleasurable effects
- the first humans, hunter gatherers, by trial and error gradually accumulated knowledge of
plants
Shen-Nung Pen T'sao Ching - Answer published in China
officially the first book that talks about medicinal properties of herbs
became foundation of Chinese medicine
Chinese medicines are usually benign & non-toxic
Ayurvedic Sytem in India - Answer originated 3,000 years ago
much more aggressive compared to Chinese
,De Materie Medica - Answer published in Greece in AD 55 by Dioscorides
- became a reference for 1600 years
Hippocrates - Answer the first schools of rational or scientific medicine were funded by
Hippocrates (natural medicines)
Natural History - Answer founded by Pliny in Ancient Rome AD 60
development in medicinal chemistry
Pharmacopeia - Answer published by Nicholas Culpepper (1616-54) combined herbal
remedies with astrology
William Harvey: circulation of blood - Answer William Harvey's discovery of the circulation of
blood described in De Mortu Cordis (1628)
nothing used to be verified scientifically
people started realizing that experiments can uncover a lot of information
Pasteur: fermentation & preventing anthrax - Answer Pasteur proved fermentation of wine
and souring milk caused by living microorganism; successfully employed inoculations to prevent
anthrax in sheep + cattle, chicken cholera in fowl, and rabies in humans + dogs.
helped with infections.
inoculation, vaccines
Joseph Lister: antiseptic - Answer From Pasteur, in 1965 Joseph Lister at Glasgow University
introduced antiseptic principle to surgery; placed antiseptic barrier of carbolic acid between
wound and germ-containing atmosphere phenol
important milestone for surgery
William Norton: ether, anesthetic - Answer In September 30 1846, American dentist William
Norton introduced ether as an anesthetic
James Young Simpson - Answer professor of midwifery, James Young Simpson, discovered
anesthetic properties of chloroform upon testing it on himself and his assistances.
chloroform used with success in November 1847.
, crude opium to morphine - Answer 1803 isolation of pain killer morphine from crude opium
by Friedrich Serturner
cinchona tree --> quinine - Answer 1820 isolation of antimalarial quinine (treatment of
malaria) from cinchona tree by Pierre Joseph Pelletier & Joseph Caventou
Felix Hoffman @ Bayer --> aspirin - Answer Felix Hoffman @ Bayer was the first to synthesize
aspirin.
His speciality was acetylate compounds (acetylated salicylic acid).
aspirin was the first medication sold as a pill.
Paul Ehrlich + Sahachiro Hata: arsenic, Salvarsan - Answer 1910 Paul Ehrlich + Sahachiro Hata
discovered arsenic containing Salvarsan for treatment of syphilis.
first person to use the term "receptor."
Gerhard Damagk: prontosil - Answer 1932 Gerhard Damagk discovered that the red dye
Prontosil is active against streptococcal infections in mice and humans.
French showed that the active ingredient of Prontosil is Sulfanilamide.
sulfanilamide "sulfa drug" - Answer became very successful antibacterial agent.
lead for development of other derivatives.
pharmacophore - Answer general term that describes the part of the compound that causes
biological activity.
lead - Answer the lead is a prototype compound that has a number of attractive characteristics
such as desired biological activity, but it may have undesirable characteristics.
ex of attractive characteristics: kills bacteria, kills tumor cells, etc.
ex of undesirable characteristics: toxicity
Alexander Fleming: Penicillin G - Answer 1928 penicillin g discovered by accident by Alexander
Fleming
mold on petri dishes (found something in the mold that kills bacteria)
published his finding
