TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
o o o o
and Genomes
o o
Key oConcepts
• Inherited o traits oare o affected oby ogenes.
• Genes o are o composed o of o the o chemical o deoxyribonucleic o acid o (DNA).
• DNA oreplicates o to o form o (usually o identical) o copies o of oitself.
• DNA ocontains oa ocode ospecifying owhat otypes oof oenzymes oand oother oproteins
oare omade oin ocells.
• DNA ooccasionally omutates, o and othe omutant oforms ospecify oaltered oproteins.
• A omutant oenzyme ois oan o"inborn oerror oof ometabolism" othat oblocks oone ostep
oin oa obio- ochemical opathway ofor othe ometabolism oof osmall omolecules.
• Traits oare oaffected oby o environment oas owell oas oby ogenes.
• Organisms ochange ogenetically othrough ogenerations oin othe oprocess oof
obiological oevolution.
• Because oof otheir ocomm.on odescent, oorganisms oshare omany ofeatures oof otheir ogenetics
and obiochemistry.
Key oTerms
1. complementary obase opairing
2. antiparallel
3. central odogma
4. transcri o tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer o RNA o (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic oeffect oor opleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts oin o Action
1.1. (a) ofalse; o(b) otrue; o(c) otrue; o(d) ofalse.
1.2. The oimportance oof othe onucleus oin oinheritance owas oimplied oby oits
oprominence oin ofer- otilization. oThe odiscovery oof ochromosomes oinside othe
onucleus, otheir obehavior oduring ocell odivision, oand othe oobservation othat oeach
ospecies ohas oa ocharacteristic ochromosome onumber omade oit olikely othat
ochromosomes owere othe ocarriers oof othe ogenes. oMicro- oscopic o studies
o showed o that o DNA o and o proteins o are o both o present o in o chromosomes, obut
owhereas onearly oall ocells oof oa ogiven ospecies ocontain oa o constant oamount oof
oDNA, othe oamount oand okinds o of oproteins odiffer ogreatly oin odifferent ocell
otypes.
C o2006 oby oJones oand oBartlett oPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
o o o o
and Genomes
o o
Key oConcepts
• Inherited o traits oare o affected oby ogenes.
• Genes o are o composed o of o the o chemical o deoxyribonucleic o acid o (DNA).
• DNA oreplicates o to o form o (usually o identical) o copies o of oitself.
• DNA ocontains oa ocode ospecifying owhat otypes oof oenzymes oand oother oproteins
oare omade oin ocells.
• DNA ooccasionally omutates, o and othe omutant oforms ospecify oaltered oproteins.
• A omutant oenzyme ois oan o"inborn oerror oof ometabolism" othat oblocks oone ostep
oin oa obio- ochemical opathway ofor othe ometabolism oof osmall omolecules.
• Traits oare oaffected oby o environment oas owell oas oby ogenes.
• Organisms ochange ogenetically othrough ogenerations oin othe oprocess oof
obiological oevolution.
• Because oof otheir ocomm.on odescent, oorganisms oshare omany ofeatures oof otheir ogenetics
and obiochemistry.
Key oTerms
1. complementary obase opairing
2. antiparallel
3. central odogma
4. transcri o tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer o RNA o (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic oeffect oor opleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts oin o Action
1.1. (a) ofalse; o(b) otrue; o(c) otrue; o(d) ofalse.
1.2. The oimportance oof othe onucleus oin oinheritance owas oimplied oby oits
oprominence oin ofer- otilization. oThe odiscovery oof ochromosomes oinside othe
onucleus, otheir obehavior oduring ocell odivision, oand othe oobservation othat oeach
ospecies ohas oa ocharacteristic ochromosome onumber omade oit olikely othat
ochromosomes owere othe ocarriers oof othe ogenes. oMicro- oscopic o studies
o showed o that o DNA o and o proteins o are o both o present o in o chromosomes, obut
owhereas onearly oall ocells oof oa ogiven ospecies ocontain oa o constant oamount oof
oDNA, othe oamount oand okinds o of oproteins odiffer ogreatly oin odifferent ocell
otypes.
C o2006 oby oJones oand oBartlett oPublishers
