Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1
COMPREHENSIVE questions answered, 2025 verified
graded A+ already passed!
function of mitochondria - (ANSWER)ATP production/cellular respiration,
powerhouse of the cell
Rough ER - (ANSWER)That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with
ribosomes.
Smooth ER - (ANSWER)That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of
ribosomes.
Homeostasis - (ANSWER)A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal
state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose,
around a particular level
Hypertrophy - (ANSWER)increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
atrophy - (ANSWER)the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive
decline or failure; to waste away
Ischemia - (ANSWER)an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body,
especially the heart muscles.
,S/S of Objective Data - (ANSWER)Any observations made by using your senses
(pts. blood pressure, physical findings, and lab values)
S/S of Subjective Data - (ANSWER)Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt.
feels (pain)
Epinephrine - (ANSWER)Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in
response to stress. Also known as adrenaline.
Renin - (ANSWER)hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
What causes edema? - (ANSWER)-reduced concentration of plasma proteins
-increased permeability of capillary wall
-increased venous pressure
-blockage of lymph vessels
Signs and symptoms of fluid excess - (ANSWER)edema, dysnpea (trouble
breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD, pulse increase and bounding, weight
increase
Signs and symptoms of dehydration - (ANSWER)Dry mucous membranes,
decreased skin turgor, Low BP, Low pulse, fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased
mental function, confusion, and loss of consciousness
, S/S of hypocalcemia - (ANSWER)- muscle twitches/tetany
- hyperactive DTRs
- positive Chvostek's sign (tapping on the facial nerve triggering facial twitching)
- positive Trousseau's sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained blood pressure cuff
inflation)
- seizures
Osmosis - (ANSWER)Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane
Diffusion - (ANSWER)Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
active transport - (ANSWER)Energy-requiring process that moves material across
a cell membrane against a concentration difference
Effect of hypertonic solution - (ANSWER)cell shrinks and can die
effect of a hypotonic solution - (ANSWER)cell swells and can burst
active immunity - (ANSWER)A form of acquired immunity in which the body
produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
COMPREHENSIVE questions answered, 2025 verified
graded A+ already passed!
function of mitochondria - (ANSWER)ATP production/cellular respiration,
powerhouse of the cell
Rough ER - (ANSWER)That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with
ribosomes.
Smooth ER - (ANSWER)That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of
ribosomes.
Homeostasis - (ANSWER)A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal
state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose,
around a particular level
Hypertrophy - (ANSWER)increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
atrophy - (ANSWER)the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive
decline or failure; to waste away
Ischemia - (ANSWER)an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body,
especially the heart muscles.
,S/S of Objective Data - (ANSWER)Any observations made by using your senses
(pts. blood pressure, physical findings, and lab values)
S/S of Subjective Data - (ANSWER)Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt.
feels (pain)
Epinephrine - (ANSWER)Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in
response to stress. Also known as adrenaline.
Renin - (ANSWER)hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
What causes edema? - (ANSWER)-reduced concentration of plasma proteins
-increased permeability of capillary wall
-increased venous pressure
-blockage of lymph vessels
Signs and symptoms of fluid excess - (ANSWER)edema, dysnpea (trouble
breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD, pulse increase and bounding, weight
increase
Signs and symptoms of dehydration - (ANSWER)Dry mucous membranes,
decreased skin turgor, Low BP, Low pulse, fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased
mental function, confusion, and loss of consciousness
, S/S of hypocalcemia - (ANSWER)- muscle twitches/tetany
- hyperactive DTRs
- positive Chvostek's sign (tapping on the facial nerve triggering facial twitching)
- positive Trousseau's sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained blood pressure cuff
inflation)
- seizures
Osmosis - (ANSWER)Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane
Diffusion - (ANSWER)Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
active transport - (ANSWER)Energy-requiring process that moves material across
a cell membrane against a concentration difference
Effect of hypertonic solution - (ANSWER)cell shrinks and can die
effect of a hypotonic solution - (ANSWER)cell swells and can burst
active immunity - (ANSWER)A form of acquired immunity in which the body
produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
