2 2025 - DUE 4 September 2025 ; 100% correct solutions
and explanations.
QUESTION 1
1.1 Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE) for Fluid (2024)
𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎:
𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸 = 𝐶𝐹𝑂 − 𝐹𝐶𝐼𝑛𝑣 + 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸
= 𝐶𝐹𝑂 − 𝐹𝐶𝐼𝑛𝑣 + 𝑁𝑒𝑡 \, 𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸
= 𝐶𝐹𝑂 − 𝐹𝐶𝐼𝑛𝑣 + 𝑁𝑒𝑡𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
𝑪𝑭𝑶 = 𝑅1,020𝑚
𝑭𝑪𝑰𝒏𝒗 = 𝑅500𝑚
𝑵𝒆𝒕 𝒃𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 = (𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝐷𝑒𝑏𝑡 – 𝐷𝑒𝑏𝑡 𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑦𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠)
= (2024 𝑑𝑒𝑏𝑡 – 2023 𝑑𝑒𝑏𝑡)
= (𝑅2,070 + 𝑅644) – (𝑅2,020 + 𝑅600)
= 𝑅2,714 – 𝑅2,620 = 𝑹𝟗𝟒𝒎
𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸 = 1,020 − 500 + 94 = 𝑅614 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸 = 1,020 − 500 + 94 =
\𝑚𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑏𝑓{𝑅614 \, 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛}𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸 = 1,020 − 500 + 94 = 𝑅614𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
✅ Answer 1.1: R614m
1.2 Value of Fluid (using FCFE valuation model)
Use Gordon Growth Model (GGM):
𝑃0 = 𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸1𝑟 − 𝑔𝑃_0 = \𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐{𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸_1}{𝑟 − 𝑔}𝑃0 = 𝑟 − 𝑔𝐹𝐶𝐹𝐸1
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
FCFE₀ = R614m