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1. Which of the following is the recom- C. Warm (40 degrees) water
mended Method for trestemt frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer
2. WhichofthefollowingphysicalfindingsD.Presenceofdeeptendonreflexes.Spinal
suggest a cause of hypotension other shock refers to loss of muscle toe
(flaccidty) and
loss of reflexes.
than spinal cord injury?
A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend
them
3. The primary indication for transferring C.Resourcelimitationsasdeterminedbythe
Apatienttoahigherleveltraumacentertransferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES) is:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating
staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including se-
vere head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined
by the transferring doctor
D. Resource limitations as determined
by the hospital administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray
following blunt trauma
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4. A young man sustains a rifle wound A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic
ab-
normality
to the mid-abdomen. He is brought
promptly to the ED by prehospital per-
sonnel. His skin is cool and diaphoret-
ic, and his systolic blood pressure is
58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are
initiated without improvement in his vi- tal
signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to
perform:
A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the MÅ SJEKKES
waist down beneath his overturned trac- tor
for several hours before medical as- sistance
arrives. He is awake and alert until just before
arriving in the ED. He is now unconscious
and responds only to painful stimuli by
moaning. His pupils are 3mm in diameter and
symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital
personnel indicate that they have not seen the
pa- tient move either of his lower extremi-
ties. On examination in the ED, no move-
ment of his lower extremities are detect- ed,
even in response to painful stimuli. The most
likely cause for this finding is:
2/83
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A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automo- D.Percutaneousperipheralveinsintheupper
bile and brought to the ED. He is lethar- extremities
gic, but withdraws purposefully from
painful stimuli. His blood pressure is
90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats
per minute and his respiratory rate is 36
breaths per minute. The preferred route
of venous access in this patient is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannula-
tion
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at
the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in
the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the
upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subcla-
vian or internal jugular vein
7. A young man sustains a gunshot woundC. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
to the abdomen and is brought prompt- ly to
the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His
pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only
weakly palpable.
,