NUR 341: PHARMACOLOGY FULL ACTUAL EXAM |CURRENTLY TESTING WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Pharmacokinetics
what the body does to the drug
This includes
absorption
distribution
metabolism (biotransformation)
elimination
What does the liver do to a drug
it is the primary metabolism organ in the body
what does the kidney do to a drug
the kidney is primary in excretion
absorption
the process by which a drug moves across 1+ cell membranes from its site of
administration into the blood.
Pharmodynamics
,what the drug does to the body
this includes:
the change that is caused by the drug
Drug action
mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics includes which 4 processes?
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
what does pharmacokinetics determine?
-the onset of a drugs effect(how long it takes to start working
-intensity of a drug
(all depend on pt related factors)
factors that influence absorption
-drug chemistry (solubility, polarity)
-route of administration (oral vs IV)
-coating on the drug
,what are some common routes of drug administration
enteral, parenteral and inhaled
Enteral administration
includes oral admin
sublingual admin- under the tongue
buccal admin- inside the cheek
rectal admin
parenteral administration
injecting a medication into body tissues.
includes:
intravenous (IV)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneously (subQ)- injecting the drug into the tissue later between skin and muscles.
IV route of administration
pumped directly into R heart
does not interfere with the liver, not metabolized initially, preferred for this reason
(immediate and intense effects)
Absorption is immediate!!!
, Oral route of administration absorption characteristics
the drug passes through the liver for metabolism
motility is important factor with these types of admin because it can effect absorption.
Ex: pt has diarrhea and vomiting-drug cannot be absorbed-pt receives lower and
potentially ineffective level of drug.
Ex: pt has constipation-slow/toxic-pt will have higher level of drug in the body
What foods could potential inhibit drug absorption?
dairy products.
Dairy products bind to tetracycline (do not allow drug to have the proper effect)
tetracycline
antibiotic used to treat some acne and skin infections
inhaled drug administration
drug enters into bloodstream or lungs and does NOT pass through the liver.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Pharmacokinetics
what the body does to the drug
This includes
absorption
distribution
metabolism (biotransformation)
elimination
What does the liver do to a drug
it is the primary metabolism organ in the body
what does the kidney do to a drug
the kidney is primary in excretion
absorption
the process by which a drug moves across 1+ cell membranes from its site of
administration into the blood.
Pharmodynamics
,what the drug does to the body
this includes:
the change that is caused by the drug
Drug action
mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics includes which 4 processes?
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
what does pharmacokinetics determine?
-the onset of a drugs effect(how long it takes to start working
-intensity of a drug
(all depend on pt related factors)
factors that influence absorption
-drug chemistry (solubility, polarity)
-route of administration (oral vs IV)
-coating on the drug
,what are some common routes of drug administration
enteral, parenteral and inhaled
Enteral administration
includes oral admin
sublingual admin- under the tongue
buccal admin- inside the cheek
rectal admin
parenteral administration
injecting a medication into body tissues.
includes:
intravenous (IV)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneously (subQ)- injecting the drug into the tissue later between skin and muscles.
IV route of administration
pumped directly into R heart
does not interfere with the liver, not metabolized initially, preferred for this reason
(immediate and intense effects)
Absorption is immediate!!!
, Oral route of administration absorption characteristics
the drug passes through the liver for metabolism
motility is important factor with these types of admin because it can effect absorption.
Ex: pt has diarrhea and vomiting-drug cannot be absorbed-pt receives lower and
potentially ineffective level of drug.
Ex: pt has constipation-slow/toxic-pt will have higher level of drug in the body
What foods could potential inhibit drug absorption?
dairy products.
Dairy products bind to tetracycline (do not allow drug to have the proper effect)
tetracycline
antibiotic used to treat some acne and skin infections
inhaled drug administration
drug enters into bloodstream or lungs and does NOT pass through the liver.
