,Chapter 1 — Inspection as the Primary Basis for Food Quality
and Safety
Key Concept: Role of inspection vs. measurement in transport
sanitation
Stem: During a routine audit of refrigerated transport
containers, an inspector visually notes heavy organic residue in
one trailer. Which next action best aligns with modern food-
safety practice for transporters?
A. Immediately issue a nonconformance and prohibit further
shipments from the trailer until cleaned and re-inspected.
B. Record the visual finding and schedule a future inspection
within 30 days.
C. Collect swab samples for microbiological testing and review
recent temperature/cleaning records before deciding.
D. Allow the trailer to continue operations if temperature logs
show compliance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale — Correct: Visual inspection is important but modern
practice emphasizes measurement and causal analysis —
swabbing plus record review establishes contamination
evidence and root cause, aligning with HACCP verification and
GDP audit practices (Chapter 1: Inspection → Measurement &
Causal Analysis).
Rationale — A: Issuing an immediate nonconformance may be
necessary in extreme cases, but without measurement or
record review it could be premature and not evidence-based.
,Rationale — B: Delaying action leaves a potential
contamination risk unaddressed; corrective actions should be
timely.
Rationale — D: Temperature compliance does not rule out
residual contamination; sanitation verification requires direct
surface testing.
Teaching Point: Pair inspection with measurement and records
to verify contamination and root cause.
Question 2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — The Need for Technology and
Hard Data to Enter the Certification Arena
Key Concept: Role of objective data for certification
Stem: A food transporter seeks ISO 22000 certification for
refrigerated transport. Which technology investment will most
directly demonstrate robust evidence for cold chain control?
A. A fleet GPS tracking app that shows vehicle routes.
B. Continuous temperature loggers with tamper-evident data
storage for each container.
C. A digital maintenance schedule for vehicle service intervals.
D. Customer-facing shipment status emails.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Continuous, tamper-evident temperature
records provide hard data for verification and demonstrate
control of critical limits required by HACCP and ISO 22000. This
, aligns with certification expectations described in Chapter 1.
Rationale — A: GPS shows location and route but not
temperature control, which is a critical control point for
perishable safety.
Rationale — C: Maintenance schedules support equipment
reliability but are indirect evidence of cold chain integrity.
Rationale — D: Shipment emails improve transparency but do
not provide certified evidence of temperature control.
Teaching Point: Objective, tamper-evident temperature data
are essential for certification evidence.
Question 3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — Moving to Measurement and
Causal Analysis
Key Concept: Root-cause analysis from monitoring data
Stem: A transporter finds repeated temperature excursions
overnight in the same truck. Best initial analytical approach?
A. Replace the refrigeration unit immediately.
B. Analyze time-stamped temperature logs, route/timing,
refrigeration start-up cycles, and driver practices.
C. Increase setpoint by 2°C to reduce alarm frequency.
D. Remove perishable loads from that vehicle permanently.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Causal analysis requires integrating
multiple data streams (time-stamped logs, operations,
and Safety
Key Concept: Role of inspection vs. measurement in transport
sanitation
Stem: During a routine audit of refrigerated transport
containers, an inspector visually notes heavy organic residue in
one trailer. Which next action best aligns with modern food-
safety practice for transporters?
A. Immediately issue a nonconformance and prohibit further
shipments from the trailer until cleaned and re-inspected.
B. Record the visual finding and schedule a future inspection
within 30 days.
C. Collect swab samples for microbiological testing and review
recent temperature/cleaning records before deciding.
D. Allow the trailer to continue operations if temperature logs
show compliance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale — Correct: Visual inspection is important but modern
practice emphasizes measurement and causal analysis —
swabbing plus record review establishes contamination
evidence and root cause, aligning with HACCP verification and
GDP audit practices (Chapter 1: Inspection → Measurement &
Causal Analysis).
Rationale — A: Issuing an immediate nonconformance may be
necessary in extreme cases, but without measurement or
record review it could be premature and not evidence-based.
,Rationale — B: Delaying action leaves a potential
contamination risk unaddressed; corrective actions should be
timely.
Rationale — D: Temperature compliance does not rule out
residual contamination; sanitation verification requires direct
surface testing.
Teaching Point: Pair inspection with measurement and records
to verify contamination and root cause.
Question 2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — The Need for Technology and
Hard Data to Enter the Certification Arena
Key Concept: Role of objective data for certification
Stem: A food transporter seeks ISO 22000 certification for
refrigerated transport. Which technology investment will most
directly demonstrate robust evidence for cold chain control?
A. A fleet GPS tracking app that shows vehicle routes.
B. Continuous temperature loggers with tamper-evident data
storage for each container.
C. A digital maintenance schedule for vehicle service intervals.
D. Customer-facing shipment status emails.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Continuous, tamper-evident temperature
records provide hard data for verification and demonstrate
control of critical limits required by HACCP and ISO 22000. This
, aligns with certification expectations described in Chapter 1.
Rationale — A: GPS shows location and route but not
temperature control, which is a critical control point for
perishable safety.
Rationale — C: Maintenance schedules support equipment
reliability but are indirect evidence of cold chain integrity.
Rationale — D: Shipment emails improve transparency but do
not provide certified evidence of temperature control.
Teaching Point: Objective, tamper-evident temperature data
are essential for certification evidence.
Question 3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 — Moving to Measurement and
Causal Analysis
Key Concept: Root-cause analysis from monitoring data
Stem: A transporter finds repeated temperature excursions
overnight in the same truck. Best initial analytical approach?
A. Replace the refrigeration unit immediately.
B. Analyze time-stamped temperature logs, route/timing,
refrigeration start-up cycles, and driver practices.
C. Increase setpoint by 2°C to reduce alarm frequency.
D. Remove perishable loads from that vehicle permanently.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Causal analysis requires integrating
multiple data streams (time-stamped logs, operations,
