Microbiology: A Systems Approach Exam 1:
ch 1,2,4,5
Medical Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -deals with microbes that cause diseases in humans and
animals
-researchers examine factors that make the microbes virulent and mechanisms for inhibitinh them
Public Health Microbiology & Epidemiology - (correct Answer) - -monitor and control the spread of
diseases in communities
-USPHS, CDC, WHO
Immunology - (correct Answer) - -studies the complex web of protective substances and cells produced
in response to infection
-vaccinations, blood testing, allergy
Industrial Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -Safeguards our food and water
-includes biotechnology, the use of microbial metabolism to arrive at a desired product
-microbes can be used to create large quantities of substances such as amino acids, beer, drugs,
enzymes, and vitamins
Agricultural Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -concerned with the relationships between microbes and
domesticated plants and animals
-plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
-animal specialists- work with infectious diseases and other associations animals have with
microorganisms
Environmental Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -study the effect of microbes on earths diverse habitats
-Subdisciplines: aquatic Microbiology; soil microbiology; geomicrobiology; astrobiology
What invented photosynthesis and when? - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, long before plants first appeared
Explain how photosynthesis evolved - (correct Answer) - -Bacteria first used a process called anoxygenic
photosynthesis which did not produce oxygen
-anoxygenic photosynthesis later evolved into oxygenic photosynthesis, which not only produced oxygen,
but also was much more efficient in extracting energy from sunlight
What accounts for 70% of the earths photosynthesis? - (correct Answer) - Photosynthetic
, microorganisms
-bacteria and algae
Hooke - (correct Answer) - First observation of microbes using a single microscope of plants/tree bark
cork "cell"
Leeuwenhoek - (correct Answer) - -primitive compound microscope
observed "animalcules" teeth scrapings Father of bacteriology
-Father of Protozoology
Francesco Redi - (correct Answer) - first to begin to disproved Spontaneous
Generation with meat experiments
Shultze/Schwann - (correct Answer) - thought air was source of life bad
experiments
Pasteur - (correct Answer) - - Disproved Spontaneous Generation, "sterile" flasks still on display
- pasteurization, developed Germ Theory
Disease, microbes cause disease-1800s
Koch - (correct Answer) - proved Germ Theory of Disease, anthrax caused by B. Anthracis (1875)
-also developed techniques such as inoculation, pure cultures, isolation, media, prep for microscope
Tyndall - (correct Answer) - microbes in air/dust very high heat resistance
Cohn - (correct Answer) - dentified endospores as reason for heat resistance
Holmes - (correct Answer) - home births less mortality than hospital births
Semmelweis - (correct Answer) - Found that women died of infections because
Doctors did not wash hands from autopsy to maternity
Lister - (correct Answer) - used strong antiseptic prior to surgery introduced
Similarities between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - -originated from LUCA
-
Differences between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - -bacteria and archaea cells
are about 10x smaller; lack many of the eukaryotic cell structures such as organelles
-all bacteria and archaea are microorganisms buy only some eukaryotes are
-bacteria and archaea have no nucleus and eukaryotes have a nucleus
ch 1,2,4,5
Medical Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -deals with microbes that cause diseases in humans and
animals
-researchers examine factors that make the microbes virulent and mechanisms for inhibitinh them
Public Health Microbiology & Epidemiology - (correct Answer) - -monitor and control the spread of
diseases in communities
-USPHS, CDC, WHO
Immunology - (correct Answer) - -studies the complex web of protective substances and cells produced
in response to infection
-vaccinations, blood testing, allergy
Industrial Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -Safeguards our food and water
-includes biotechnology, the use of microbial metabolism to arrive at a desired product
-microbes can be used to create large quantities of substances such as amino acids, beer, drugs,
enzymes, and vitamins
Agricultural Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -concerned with the relationships between microbes and
domesticated plants and animals
-plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
-animal specialists- work with infectious diseases and other associations animals have with
microorganisms
Environmental Microbiology - (correct Answer) - -study the effect of microbes on earths diverse habitats
-Subdisciplines: aquatic Microbiology; soil microbiology; geomicrobiology; astrobiology
What invented photosynthesis and when? - (correct Answer) - Bacteria, long before plants first appeared
Explain how photosynthesis evolved - (correct Answer) - -Bacteria first used a process called anoxygenic
photosynthesis which did not produce oxygen
-anoxygenic photosynthesis later evolved into oxygenic photosynthesis, which not only produced oxygen,
but also was much more efficient in extracting energy from sunlight
What accounts for 70% of the earths photosynthesis? - (correct Answer) - Photosynthetic
, microorganisms
-bacteria and algae
Hooke - (correct Answer) - First observation of microbes using a single microscope of plants/tree bark
cork "cell"
Leeuwenhoek - (correct Answer) - -primitive compound microscope
observed "animalcules" teeth scrapings Father of bacteriology
-Father of Protozoology
Francesco Redi - (correct Answer) - first to begin to disproved Spontaneous
Generation with meat experiments
Shultze/Schwann - (correct Answer) - thought air was source of life bad
experiments
Pasteur - (correct Answer) - - Disproved Spontaneous Generation, "sterile" flasks still on display
- pasteurization, developed Germ Theory
Disease, microbes cause disease-1800s
Koch - (correct Answer) - proved Germ Theory of Disease, anthrax caused by B. Anthracis (1875)
-also developed techniques such as inoculation, pure cultures, isolation, media, prep for microscope
Tyndall - (correct Answer) - microbes in air/dust very high heat resistance
Cohn - (correct Answer) - dentified endospores as reason for heat resistance
Holmes - (correct Answer) - home births less mortality than hospital births
Semmelweis - (correct Answer) - Found that women died of infections because
Doctors did not wash hands from autopsy to maternity
Lister - (correct Answer) - used strong antiseptic prior to surgery introduced
Similarities between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - -originated from LUCA
-
Differences between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes - (correct Answer) - -bacteria and archaea cells
are about 10x smaller; lack many of the eukaryotic cell structures such as organelles
-all bacteria and archaea are microorganisms buy only some eukaryotes are
-bacteria and archaea have no nucleus and eukaryotes have a nucleus
