NURS 530 Advanced Pathophysiology:
Chapter 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
2 major classes of cells - ANSWERSEukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Eukaryote Examples - ANSWERSanimal cells, plant cells, single-celled organisms,
fungi and protozoa
Difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes - ANSWERSEukaryotes-found in
multicellular organisms, larger, contain a nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes-single celled organisms, smaller, no nucleus, no organelles.
Prokaryote Example - ANSWERSBacteria (Exs. E. Coli. and Rickettsiae),
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), and Archaea
Differentiation AKA maturation - ANSWERSprocess through which cells become
specialized
8 chief cellular functions - ANSWERS1. movement 2. conductivity 3. metabolic
absorption 4. secretion 5. excretion 6. respiration 7. reproduction 8. communication
3 parts of eukaryotic cell - ANSWERSplasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles
nucleus primary functions - ANSWERScell division and control of genetic information
(also replication/repair/transcription of DNA)
Cytosol - ANSWERSfills 1/2 volume of eukaryotic cell (55%)
storage unit for fat, carbohydrate and secretory vesicles - ANSWERScytosol
ribosomes - ANSWERSprovide sites for cellular protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - ANSWERSmembrane factory that specializes in the
synthesis/transport of proteins/lipids
Rough ER - ANSWERSribosomes and ribonucleoprotein particles are attached
ER 3D protein folding can be affected by: - ANSWERSviral infections, environmental
toxins, mutant protein expression, cell stress, mutations and random errors
Chapter 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
2 major classes of cells - ANSWERSEukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Eukaryote Examples - ANSWERSanimal cells, plant cells, single-celled organisms,
fungi and protozoa
Difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes - ANSWERSEukaryotes-found in
multicellular organisms, larger, contain a nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes-single celled organisms, smaller, no nucleus, no organelles.
Prokaryote Example - ANSWERSBacteria (Exs. E. Coli. and Rickettsiae),
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), and Archaea
Differentiation AKA maturation - ANSWERSprocess through which cells become
specialized
8 chief cellular functions - ANSWERS1. movement 2. conductivity 3. metabolic
absorption 4. secretion 5. excretion 6. respiration 7. reproduction 8. communication
3 parts of eukaryotic cell - ANSWERSplasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles
nucleus primary functions - ANSWERScell division and control of genetic information
(also replication/repair/transcription of DNA)
Cytosol - ANSWERSfills 1/2 volume of eukaryotic cell (55%)
storage unit for fat, carbohydrate and secretory vesicles - ANSWERScytosol
ribosomes - ANSWERSprovide sites for cellular protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - ANSWERSmembrane factory that specializes in the
synthesis/transport of proteins/lipids
Rough ER - ANSWERSribosomes and ribonucleoprotein particles are attached
ER 3D protein folding can be affected by: - ANSWERSviral infections, environmental
toxins, mutant protein expression, cell stress, mutations and random errors
