ornamental pesticide UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
what is a degree day? why is this important? - CORRECT ANSWER - measures
accumulated heat above a threshold, one degree over the threshold is one degree day
growth and development of plants and insects is temp dependent, so more accurate than calendar
days
how are action thresholds expressed - CORRECT ANSWER - number of pests per unit
area
what is cold temp hardiness - CORRECT ANSWER - the average minimum temperature it
can survive
define biopesticide
define plant incorporated protectant (PIP)
define biochemical pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER - pesticide derived from natural
materials such as animals plants bacteria and certain minerals; ex: microbial pesticides
pesticidal substance introduced into plants own genetic material
insect phremones example; control pests by nontoxic mechanisms
what is FIFRA? when was it established? what does it enforce? who enforces it? state or federal?
- CORRECT ANSWER - 1947; administered by EPA; federal and state enforcement
Registration, use, handling, storage, transportation, sale, and disposal of pesticides
Michigan dpt of agriculture and rural development enforces EPA
what is the federal migratory bird treaty act? what birds are excluded? what can be done for birds
that cause serious damage - CORRECT ANSWER - protects all birds except pigeons (rock
doves), house sparrows and starlings. Federal Depradation Permit must be acquired if protected
birds cause damage or become a public health nuisance.
,do woody plants need fertilizer often? - CORRECT ANSWER - no; once or twice a year
what department issues federal depredation permits - CORRECT ANSWER - US Fish and
Wildlife Service
are there birds that can be controlled without a permit? in what instances? what species? -
CORRECT ANSWER - red-winged, rusty and brewer's blackbirds, grackles, crows,
magpies
when birds are causing damage to ornamental or shade trees, livestock/wildlife, public health
hazard
how long should commercial applicators maintain records of pesticide use for
a) general use
b) restricted use pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - a) 1 year
b) 3 years
what size and position is a correct lawn marker sign after applying pesticide to a turf site -
CORRECT ANSWER - 4 inches (10 cm high) and 5 inches (12 cm) wide
12 inches (31 cm) above turf
during golf course pesticide application, where and what type of information must be posted? -
CORRECT ANSWER - on the first and tenth tees and in another conspicuous place
date and time of the application, name of pesticide, areas treated, reentry information from the
label and the name of the person to contact for more information
within how many feet may outdoor and ornamental and turf applications of liquid spray
pesticides not permitted - CORRECT ANSWER - 100 feet of occupied classroom
buildings
how is dilute pesticide typically applied? what are the pros and cons - CORRECT
ANSWER - applied to the point of runoff
, pros: pesticides applied quickly at low cost
cons: drift risk, determining point of runoff is difficult, weather dependent, larger and expensive
equipment
how do you spray small trees and shrubs? why should you cover underside of leaves? -
CORRECT ANSWER - spray insecticide from low to the ground up into the crown of the
plant, then move around exterior of plant to spray upper surfaces if necessary
pests feed on the undersides of leaves
how should you spray large trees - CORRECT ANSWER - begin by spraying a direct
spray up into the interior of the crown, then move to top of tree and work toward the bottom.
repeat process on other side of the tree
how can you avoid drift if it is windy? - CORRECT ANSWER - use larger, heavier
pesticide drops
spray at 90-135 degree angle to the wind
what are pros and cons of tree injections - CORRECT ANSWER - pros: precise
application with no drift
cons: wounds tree
what are the different ways of injecting trees? define them - CORRECT ANSWER -
microinjection: delivers small quantity of concentrated pesticides directly into vascular system
macroinfusion: dilute solution drawn up into tree through an injection harness fitted to a serious
of holes drilled around circumference of tree near root flares; slowly infuses
implantable capsules: drill series of holes around circumference of tree
what are the different ways of soil application? define them. pros and cons? - CORRECT
ANSWER - soil injection: feeding needle; water pressure or compressed air inject solution
soil drenching: self explanatory
pros: no aerial drifting of pesticide
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
what is a degree day? why is this important? - CORRECT ANSWER - measures
accumulated heat above a threshold, one degree over the threshold is one degree day
growth and development of plants and insects is temp dependent, so more accurate than calendar
days
how are action thresholds expressed - CORRECT ANSWER - number of pests per unit
area
what is cold temp hardiness - CORRECT ANSWER - the average minimum temperature it
can survive
define biopesticide
define plant incorporated protectant (PIP)
define biochemical pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER - pesticide derived from natural
materials such as animals plants bacteria and certain minerals; ex: microbial pesticides
pesticidal substance introduced into plants own genetic material
insect phremones example; control pests by nontoxic mechanisms
what is FIFRA? when was it established? what does it enforce? who enforces it? state or federal?
- CORRECT ANSWER - 1947; administered by EPA; federal and state enforcement
Registration, use, handling, storage, transportation, sale, and disposal of pesticides
Michigan dpt of agriculture and rural development enforces EPA
what is the federal migratory bird treaty act? what birds are excluded? what can be done for birds
that cause serious damage - CORRECT ANSWER - protects all birds except pigeons (rock
doves), house sparrows and starlings. Federal Depradation Permit must be acquired if protected
birds cause damage or become a public health nuisance.
,do woody plants need fertilizer often? - CORRECT ANSWER - no; once or twice a year
what department issues federal depredation permits - CORRECT ANSWER - US Fish and
Wildlife Service
are there birds that can be controlled without a permit? in what instances? what species? -
CORRECT ANSWER - red-winged, rusty and brewer's blackbirds, grackles, crows,
magpies
when birds are causing damage to ornamental or shade trees, livestock/wildlife, public health
hazard
how long should commercial applicators maintain records of pesticide use for
a) general use
b) restricted use pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - a) 1 year
b) 3 years
what size and position is a correct lawn marker sign after applying pesticide to a turf site -
CORRECT ANSWER - 4 inches (10 cm high) and 5 inches (12 cm) wide
12 inches (31 cm) above turf
during golf course pesticide application, where and what type of information must be posted? -
CORRECT ANSWER - on the first and tenth tees and in another conspicuous place
date and time of the application, name of pesticide, areas treated, reentry information from the
label and the name of the person to contact for more information
within how many feet may outdoor and ornamental and turf applications of liquid spray
pesticides not permitted - CORRECT ANSWER - 100 feet of occupied classroom
buildings
how is dilute pesticide typically applied? what are the pros and cons - CORRECT
ANSWER - applied to the point of runoff
, pros: pesticides applied quickly at low cost
cons: drift risk, determining point of runoff is difficult, weather dependent, larger and expensive
equipment
how do you spray small trees and shrubs? why should you cover underside of leaves? -
CORRECT ANSWER - spray insecticide from low to the ground up into the crown of the
plant, then move around exterior of plant to spray upper surfaces if necessary
pests feed on the undersides of leaves
how should you spray large trees - CORRECT ANSWER - begin by spraying a direct
spray up into the interior of the crown, then move to top of tree and work toward the bottom.
repeat process on other side of the tree
how can you avoid drift if it is windy? - CORRECT ANSWER - use larger, heavier
pesticide drops
spray at 90-135 degree angle to the wind
what are pros and cons of tree injections - CORRECT ANSWER - pros: precise
application with no drift
cons: wounds tree
what are the different ways of injecting trees? define them - CORRECT ANSWER -
microinjection: delivers small quantity of concentrated pesticides directly into vascular system
macroinfusion: dilute solution drawn up into tree through an injection harness fitted to a serious
of holes drilled around circumference of tree near root flares; slowly infuses
implantable capsules: drill series of holes around circumference of tree
what are the different ways of soil application? define them. pros and cons? - CORRECT
ANSWER - soil injection: feeding needle; water pressure or compressed air inject solution
soil drenching: self explanatory
pros: no aerial drifting of pesticide
