PCOL 838 HYPO-PITUITARY EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

PCOL 838 HYPO-PITUITARY EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS



Function of the hypothalamus


respond to deviations in set points (body temperature, blood volume, osmolality, satiety, fat

content, body weight)


set points that can change:


body fat content


body weight


satiety


set points that don't really tolerate change:


body temp


blood volume


osmolality


coordinated responses to set point deviations include




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, nervous system: leads to behavior changes (i.e. increase how much you eat if your satiety set

point increases)


endocrine system: hormone release to restore body back to homeostasis


intravascular volume loss leads to


activate sympathetic nervous system → increase HR to maintain CO + vascular smooth muscle

contraction to maintain BP


increasing osmolarity leads to


dehydration → thirst response → vasopressin release (aka ADH)


vasopressin function:


causes kidney to excrete more sodium and retain more water


3 original transcription factors in pituitary


PITX2, HESX1, LHX4


activation of these transcription factors creates more transcription factors that allows for the

differentiation of pituitary cell types


example:


activate PITX2, HESX1, LHX4 → activate PTIT and NEUROD1 → production of ACTH


ACTH


adrenocorticotropin hormone

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