Test Bank for Human Physiology 16th Edition EXAM Questions AND Correct Answers
Are blood plasma and interstitial fluid separated from each other? - ✔✔ Yes, but there is
communication and exchange between these fluids.
Are enzymes specific for a given substrate? - ✔✔ True
Are genes present in heterochromatin more readily expressed than those in euchromatin?
- ✔✔ No, they are less readily expressed.
Are glucose and lactose structural isomers? - ✔✔ No, they are not structural isomers;
glucose is a monosaccharide, while lactose is a disaccharide.
Are most enzymatic reactions in the body one-step processes? - ✔✔ False
Are steroids derived from cholesterol? - ✔✔ True
Can enamel be regenerated? - ✔✔ No, enamel cannot be regenerated.
Can miRNA be made from particular introns that have been removed from pre-mRNA? -
✔✔ Yes, it can.
Can RNA act as an enzyme? - ✔✔ True
Could a deficiency of dietary copper limit the activity of some enzymes? - ✔✔ True
Do all amino acids contain carboxyl and amino groups? - ✔✔ True
Do all body cells have a single, centralized nucleus? - ✔✔ No, they do not.
Do all body cells have motile cilia with a '9+2' structure? - ✔✔ No, they do not.
,Do catalysts increase reaction rates by lowering the activation energy? - ✔✔ True
Do exergonic reactions proceed with the release of energy? - ✔✔ True
Do negatively charged ions migrate towards the anode in an electrical field? - ✔✔ No,
they migrate towards the cathode.
Do unsaturated fatty acids contain more hydrogen atoms than saturated fatty acids of the
same length? - ✔✔ False
Does an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at 50°C proceed faster than at 37°C? - ✔✔ True
Does breaking bonds to generate fatty acids from triglycerides increase entropy? - ✔✔
True
Does consuming extra niacin and riboflavin provide extra energy for body functions? -
✔✔ False, as they are important for NAD and FAD formation but do not directly provide
energy.
Does end-product inhibition usually involve allosteric inhibition of an enzyme? - ✔✔ True
Does pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyze the conversion of lactate to pyruvate? - ✔✔ False
Does rapid hydrolysis of triglycerides increase blood pH due to acidic ketone body
formation? - ✔✔ True
Does the specific shape of a protein determine its function? - ✔✔ True
During which phase does crossing over occur? - ✔✔ Prophase I of meiosis.
,During which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up at the equator of the cell? - ✔✔
Metaphase.
How are covalent bonds formed between monosaccharides? - ✔✔ Through dehydration
synthesis.
How are larger molecules like cholesterol taken into a cell? - ✔✔ By receptor-mediated
endocytosis.
How are peptide bonds formed? - ✔✔ By the process of dehydration synthesis.
How are phospholipids arranged to form the plasma membrane? - ✔✔ Double layer with
hydrophobic tails facing inward toward each other.
How are reduction and oxidation related in chemical reactions? - ✔✔ They are always
coupled.
How can cellular senescence be prevented? - ✔✔ By increased telomerase activity.
How can gene silencing be accomplished? - ✔✔ By methylation of cytosine bases in DNA.
How can motor nerve fibers in the skin regulate blood flow? - ✔✔ By affecting the
diameter of cutaneous blood vessels.
How do proteins and mRNA exit the nucleus? - ✔✔ Via nuclear pores.
How does a cell intake a specific molecule from the extracellular compartment? - ✔✔
Through receptor-mediated endocytosis.
, How does crossing over affect genetic expression between siblings? - ✔✔ It contributes to
variability in genetic expression.
How does phagocytosis differ from endocytosis? - ✔✔ During phagocytosis, the plasma
membrane extends outwards with pseudopods to surround the substance.
How does the DNA content of cells in the G1 phase compare to that of cells in the G2
phase? - ✔✔ Cells in the G1 phase contain half as much DNA as cells in the G2 phase.
How does the pH of the cytoplasm compare to the interior of a primary lysosome? - ✔✔
The pH of the cytoplasm is more basic than that of a primary lysosome.
How does the pH optimum of phosphatase in bone compare to that in the prostate gland?
- ✔✔ It is lower than the pH optimum of the phosphatase found in the prostate gland.
How does the skin protect a person from ultraviolet rays of the sun? - ✔✔ Produces
melanin.
How is a trans-fat characterized? - ✔✔ It has carbon-carbon double bonds with hydrogens
on opposite sides of the bonds.
How many genes are humans estimated to have? - ✔✔ Approximately 25,000.
How many proteins can humans produce? - ✔✔ Humans can produce approximately
100,000 proteins.
How many single bonds can a carbon atom form if it is double-bonded to an oxygen atom?
- ✔✔ 1
How often is the entire epidermis replaced? - ✔✔ B) 2 Weeks.
Are blood plasma and interstitial fluid separated from each other? - ✔✔ Yes, but there is
communication and exchange between these fluids.
Are enzymes specific for a given substrate? - ✔✔ True
Are genes present in heterochromatin more readily expressed than those in euchromatin?
- ✔✔ No, they are less readily expressed.
Are glucose and lactose structural isomers? - ✔✔ No, they are not structural isomers;
glucose is a monosaccharide, while lactose is a disaccharide.
Are most enzymatic reactions in the body one-step processes? - ✔✔ False
Are steroids derived from cholesterol? - ✔✔ True
Can enamel be regenerated? - ✔✔ No, enamel cannot be regenerated.
Can miRNA be made from particular introns that have been removed from pre-mRNA? -
✔✔ Yes, it can.
Can RNA act as an enzyme? - ✔✔ True
Could a deficiency of dietary copper limit the activity of some enzymes? - ✔✔ True
Do all amino acids contain carboxyl and amino groups? - ✔✔ True
Do all body cells have a single, centralized nucleus? - ✔✔ No, they do not.
Do all body cells have motile cilia with a '9+2' structure? - ✔✔ No, they do not.
,Do catalysts increase reaction rates by lowering the activation energy? - ✔✔ True
Do exergonic reactions proceed with the release of energy? - ✔✔ True
Do negatively charged ions migrate towards the anode in an electrical field? - ✔✔ No,
they migrate towards the cathode.
Do unsaturated fatty acids contain more hydrogen atoms than saturated fatty acids of the
same length? - ✔✔ False
Does an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at 50°C proceed faster than at 37°C? - ✔✔ True
Does breaking bonds to generate fatty acids from triglycerides increase entropy? - ✔✔
True
Does consuming extra niacin and riboflavin provide extra energy for body functions? -
✔✔ False, as they are important for NAD and FAD formation but do not directly provide
energy.
Does end-product inhibition usually involve allosteric inhibition of an enzyme? - ✔✔ True
Does pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyze the conversion of lactate to pyruvate? - ✔✔ False
Does rapid hydrolysis of triglycerides increase blood pH due to acidic ketone body
formation? - ✔✔ True
Does the specific shape of a protein determine its function? - ✔✔ True
During which phase does crossing over occur? - ✔✔ Prophase I of meiosis.
,During which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up at the equator of the cell? - ✔✔
Metaphase.
How are covalent bonds formed between monosaccharides? - ✔✔ Through dehydration
synthesis.
How are larger molecules like cholesterol taken into a cell? - ✔✔ By receptor-mediated
endocytosis.
How are peptide bonds formed? - ✔✔ By the process of dehydration synthesis.
How are phospholipids arranged to form the plasma membrane? - ✔✔ Double layer with
hydrophobic tails facing inward toward each other.
How are reduction and oxidation related in chemical reactions? - ✔✔ They are always
coupled.
How can cellular senescence be prevented? - ✔✔ By increased telomerase activity.
How can gene silencing be accomplished? - ✔✔ By methylation of cytosine bases in DNA.
How can motor nerve fibers in the skin regulate blood flow? - ✔✔ By affecting the
diameter of cutaneous blood vessels.
How do proteins and mRNA exit the nucleus? - ✔✔ Via nuclear pores.
How does a cell intake a specific molecule from the extracellular compartment? - ✔✔
Through receptor-mediated endocytosis.
, How does crossing over affect genetic expression between siblings? - ✔✔ It contributes to
variability in genetic expression.
How does phagocytosis differ from endocytosis? - ✔✔ During phagocytosis, the plasma
membrane extends outwards with pseudopods to surround the substance.
How does the DNA content of cells in the G1 phase compare to that of cells in the G2
phase? - ✔✔ Cells in the G1 phase contain half as much DNA as cells in the G2 phase.
How does the pH of the cytoplasm compare to the interior of a primary lysosome? - ✔✔
The pH of the cytoplasm is more basic than that of a primary lysosome.
How does the pH optimum of phosphatase in bone compare to that in the prostate gland?
- ✔✔ It is lower than the pH optimum of the phosphatase found in the prostate gland.
How does the skin protect a person from ultraviolet rays of the sun? - ✔✔ Produces
melanin.
How is a trans-fat characterized? - ✔✔ It has carbon-carbon double bonds with hydrogens
on opposite sides of the bonds.
How many genes are humans estimated to have? - ✔✔ Approximately 25,000.
How many proteins can humans produce? - ✔✔ Humans can produce approximately
100,000 proteins.
How many single bonds can a carbon atom form if it is double-bonded to an oxygen atom?
- ✔✔ 1
How often is the entire epidermis replaced? - ✔✔ B) 2 Weeks.
