NRSG 3420 Final Big Review Exam
With Correct Solutions.
A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with cancer. Which therapies are used to treat cancer? Select all
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
that apply.
j j
A. electroconvulsive therapy
j j
B. hyperthermia
j
C. surgery
j
D. chemotherapy j
E. radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j j
B. hyperthermia
j
C. surgery
j
D. chemotherapy j
E. radiation therapy
j j
Explanation:
,Cancer is frequently treated with a combination of therapies using standardized protocols. The basic
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
methods used to treat cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, hyperthermia, and chemotherapy.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Electroconvulsive therapy is a method of treatment for mental distress or illness.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Reference:
Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 15: Management of Patients with Oncologic Disorders, p. 334.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
During an annual examination, an older client tells the nurse, "I don't understand why I need to have so many
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer screening tests now. I feel just fine!" Based on knowledge of neoplastic disease and the aging immune
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
system, what teaching should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
A. Nutritional intake to support a competent immune response plays an important role in reducing the
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
incidence of cancer. A healthy diet including protein, vitamins, minerals, and some fats can alter the risk of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer development.
j j
B. Tumor cells may possess special blocking factors that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
T lymphocytes; therefore the body may not recognize the tumor as foreign and fail to destroy the malignant
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cells. Routine screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
C. The immune system is integrated with other psychophysiological proce - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct
j j j j j j j j j j j j
response:
j
A. Nutritional intake to support a competent immune response plays an important role in reducing the
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
incidence of cancer. A healthy diet including protein, vitamins, minerals, and some fats can alter the risk of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer development.
j j
B. Tumor cells may possess special blocking factors that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
T lymphocytes; therefore the body may not recognize the tumor as foreign and fail to destroy the malignant
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cells. Routine screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
,E. The increase in occurrence of autoimmune diseases with aging strongly suggests a predisposition toward
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
various types of cancer due to the body's inability to differentiate between self and nonself. Routine
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j
Explanation:
Large tumors can release antigens into the blood, and these antigens combine with circulating antibodies and
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
prevent them from attacking the tumor cells. Furthermore, tumor cells may possess special blocking factors
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer T lymphocytes. During the early development of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
tumors, the body may fail to recognize the tumor antigens as foreign and subsequently fail to initiate
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
destruction of the malignant cells. The incidence of autoimmune diseases also increases with age, possibly
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
from a decreased ability of antibodies to differentiate between self and nonself. Failure of the surveillance
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
system to recognize mutant or abnormal cells also may be responsible, in part, for the high incidence of cancer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
associated with increasing age. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of common
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancers. Evidence shows that nutrition plays a role in the development of cancer and that diet and lifestyle can
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
alter the risk of the develo
j j j j j j
For a cancerous tumor, a client must undergo modified radical mastectomy, which includes axillary node
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
removal and immediate reconstruction. The nurse explains to the client that the axillary nodes will be
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
removed to:
j j
A. provide prognostic information.
j j j
B. prevent metastasis.
j j
C. facilitate postoperative recovery.
j j j
D. facilitate breast reconstruction. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j j j
A. provide prognostic information.
j j j
Explanation:
, Lymph node dissection provides prognostic information by helping to determine if chemotherapy is
j j j j j j j j j j j j
indicated. Although removal of lymph nodes may assist in prevention of metastasis, lymph node dissection
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
isn't a guarantee that metastasis won't occur. This procedure doesn't affect breast reconstruction and may
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
actually make postoperative recovery more difficult.
j j j j j j
Reference:
Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 58: Assessment and Management of Patients With Breast
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Disorders, Modified Radical Mastectomy, p. 1733.
j j j j j j
The nurse is an occupational health nurse who is presenting a workshop on laryngeal cancer. What risk factors
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
would the nurse be sure to include in the workshop? Select all that apply.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
A. Region of country lived in
j j j j j
B. Tobacco
j
C. Industrial pollutants
j j
D. Age j
E. Alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j
B. Tobacco
j
C. Industrial pollutants
j j
D. Age j
With Correct Solutions.
A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with cancer. Which therapies are used to treat cancer? Select all
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
that apply.
j j
A. electroconvulsive therapy
j j
B. hyperthermia
j
C. surgery
j
D. chemotherapy j
E. radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j j
B. hyperthermia
j
C. surgery
j
D. chemotherapy j
E. radiation therapy
j j
Explanation:
,Cancer is frequently treated with a combination of therapies using standardized protocols. The basic
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
methods used to treat cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, hyperthermia, and chemotherapy.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Electroconvulsive therapy is a method of treatment for mental distress or illness.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
Reference:
Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 15: Management of Patients with Oncologic Disorders, p. 334.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
During an annual examination, an older client tells the nurse, "I don't understand why I need to have so many
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer screening tests now. I feel just fine!" Based on knowledge of neoplastic disease and the aging immune
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
system, what teaching should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
A. Nutritional intake to support a competent immune response plays an important role in reducing the
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
incidence of cancer. A healthy diet including protein, vitamins, minerals, and some fats can alter the risk of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer development.
j j
B. Tumor cells may possess special blocking factors that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
T lymphocytes; therefore the body may not recognize the tumor as foreign and fail to destroy the malignant
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cells. Routine screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
C. The immune system is integrated with other psychophysiological proce - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct
j j j j j j j j j j j j
response:
j
A. Nutritional intake to support a competent immune response plays an important role in reducing the
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
incidence of cancer. A healthy diet including protein, vitamins, minerals, and some fats can alter the risk of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancer development.
j j
B. Tumor cells may possess special blocking factors that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
T lymphocytes; therefore the body may not recognize the tumor as foreign and fail to destroy the malignant
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cells. Routine screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j j j
,E. The increase in occurrence of autoimmune diseases with aging strongly suggests a predisposition toward
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
various types of cancer due to the body's inability to differentiate between self and nonself. Routine
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
screening increases the chance of finding and treating cancer early.
j j j j j j j j j j
Explanation:
Large tumors can release antigens into the blood, and these antigens combine with circulating antibodies and
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
prevent them from attacking the tumor cells. Furthermore, tumor cells may possess special blocking factors
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
that coat tumor cells and prevent their destruction by killer T lymphocytes. During the early development of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
tumors, the body may fail to recognize the tumor antigens as foreign and subsequently fail to initiate
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
destruction of the malignant cells. The incidence of autoimmune diseases also increases with age, possibly
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
from a decreased ability of antibodies to differentiate between self and nonself. Failure of the surveillance
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
system to recognize mutant or abnormal cells also may be responsible, in part, for the high incidence of cancer
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
associated with increasing age. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of common
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
cancers. Evidence shows that nutrition plays a role in the development of cancer and that diet and lifestyle can
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
alter the risk of the develo
j j j j j j
For a cancerous tumor, a client must undergo modified radical mastectomy, which includes axillary node
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
removal and immediate reconstruction. The nurse explains to the client that the axillary nodes will be
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
removed to:
j j
A. provide prognostic information.
j j j
B. prevent metastasis.
j j
C. facilitate postoperative recovery.
j j j
D. facilitate breast reconstruction. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j j j
A. provide prognostic information.
j j j
Explanation:
, Lymph node dissection provides prognostic information by helping to determine if chemotherapy is
j j j j j j j j j j j j
indicated. Although removal of lymph nodes may assist in prevention of metastasis, lymph node dissection
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
isn't a guarantee that metastasis won't occur. This procedure doesn't affect breast reconstruction and may
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
actually make postoperative recovery more difficult.
j j j j j j
Reference:
Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed.,
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 58: Assessment and Management of Patients With Breast
j j j j j j j j j j j j j
Disorders, Modified Radical Mastectomy, p. 1733.
j j j j j j
The nurse is an occupational health nurse who is presenting a workshop on laryngeal cancer. What risk factors
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
would the nurse be sure to include in the workshop? Select all that apply.
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
A. Region of country lived in
j j j j j
B. Tobacco
j
C. Industrial pollutants
j j
D. Age j
E. Alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Correct response:
j j j j j
B. Tobacco
j
C. Industrial pollutants
j j
D. Age j
