Pathophysiology Exam 4 - UTA (Urban) EXAM
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secreted to fix low fluid volume. Tells the kidneys to
Antidiuretic Hormone
hang on to water. Fluids conserved and fluid volume
(ADH)
goes up. Used in conjunction with the RAAS.
produce release or store the 3 thyroid hormones.
Thyroid-stimulating thyroxine (T4) and triodothyronine (T3),
Hormone (TSH) calcitonin - increase calcium movement from blood to
bone
Adrenocorticotropic
Hormone (ACTH)—
DIABETES INSIPUDUS - too much fluid being lost.
you won't "hold onto" water effectively --water will
ADH Undersecretion indiscriminately flow from the peritubular capillaries
of the kidneys into the tubules and becomes very
dilute urine.
Pass too much "flavorless" Urine (very dilute)
Diabetes Insipidus think of the D as down or decreased ADH, Dieresis,
body is Dry.
Renal-Related under- Sick kidneys have a decreased response to ADH.
secretion of ADH
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Pituitary Tumor
CNS related Under- Head Injury
secretion of ADH Cerebral Edema & IICP (increased inter cranial
pressure)
Polyuria Voiding huge amounts of dilute urine.
void huge amounts of dilute water Pulyuria - thirsty-
blood compartment has less water - concentration
S&S of ADH
increases
undersecertion
Think fluid volume deficit = low preload - from tissue
to blood domino effect
Syndrome of Oversecretion of ADH
Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH)
Ectopic - small-cell bronchogenic cancer
Various Drugs - anesthetics - post-op
What can trigger SIADH?
Trauma to brain - tumor or injury - pressure that
causes pituitary to over-secrete
body holding on to water int he vascular space
Oliguria Person has a low GFR, goes from normal 30ml/hr to
15ml/hr.
A person who is SIADH - too much fluid retained, fluid shifted to the
edemitous and has high tissues.
preload
Poor skin turgor, sunken ADH
eyes, dry mucous
membranes
T3 & T4 hormones depend on this for uptake from the
Iodide
blood
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metabolic rate
caloric requirements
oxygen consumption
T3 & T4 act
carbohydrate & lipid metabolism
growth & development
brain & nervous system functions
drop in levels of thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) in the
Understand the Negative bloodstream causes pituitary stimulated which
Feedback of Thyroid increases its secretion of TSH thyroid stimulated to
function release more T3 & T4. once balance is restored there
is a suppress of TSH secretion from pituitary.
is the state of having excess T3 & T4 production and
Hyperthyroidism
release
an autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies
attack/stimulate TSH receptors on the thyroid.
Graves Disease
the autoantibodies "mimick" TSH - results in thyroid
secreting more T3 & T4.
Graves Disease S&S In overdrive. Hypermetabolic
PSYCH/CNS—nervous, irritable, tremors, insomnia,
emotionally labile, sometimes psychosis
(hallucinations, paranoia)
CARDIOVASCULAR—tachycardia, increased
afterload, sometimes HF due to increased heart
Hyperthyroidism S&S workload
GI—increased appetite, diarrhea
HAIR CHANGES
hair follicles are very sensitive to your metabolic state
& get "stressed" by too much thyroid hormone—hair
thins out or falls out (alopecia).
bulging eyes from deposits of excess tissue behind
Exophthalmus
eyes
Enlargement of the thyroid gland . Can be in both
Goiter
Hyper and Hypo.
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