BSC 2086 HOMEWORK EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2025-
2026
The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central
nervous system. - Answers afferent
The ________ division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands. -
Answers efferent
Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as - Answers telodendria
The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the - Answers
synapse
How does blocking retrograde axoplasmic transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron? -
Answers The soma becomes unable to respond to changes in the distal end of the axon.
Most neurons lack ________ and so are permanently blocked from undergoing cell division. -
Answers centrioles
In order to communicate with multiple cells at the same time, an axon may branch along its
length, producing side branches called __________ - Answers collaterals
Deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the
soma is called ________ degeneration. - Answers Wallerian
________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system. - Answers Neuroglia
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by - Answers oligodendrocytes
Damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the - Answers formation of cerebrospinal
fluid
In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves by -
Answers forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth
The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called - Answers nodes of Ranvier
When a person has a stroke, blood leaks into the brain tissue. Which type of neuroglia cells
would make structural repairs to the damage? - Answers astrocytes
Opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes - Answers depolarization
A shift of the resting transmembrane potential toward 0 mV is called - Answers depolarization
Which type of ion channel is always open? - Answers leak
Puffer fish poison blocks voltage-gated sodium channels like a cork. What effect would this
, neurotoxin have on the function of neurons? - Answers The axon would be unable to generate
action potentials
Rapid impulse conduction from "node" to "node" is called - Answers saltatory propagation
The minimum stimulus required to trigger an action potential is known as the - Answers
threshold
The presence of ________ dramatically increases the speed at which an action potential moves
along an axon. - Answers myelin
When you take a pain reliever, which of the following best describes, in general terms, how this
affects the threshold of neurons? - Answers Taking a pain reliever increases the threshold
A neuron that receives neurotransmitter from another neuron is called - Answers the
postsynaptic neuron
At a(n) ________ synapse, a neurotransmitter is released to stimulate the postsynaptic
membrane. - Answers chemical
Which ion triggers synaptic vesicles to discharge neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft? -
Answers calcium
Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is
important in learning and memory? - Answers glutamate
Which neurotransmitter has widespread effects on a person's attention and emotional state? -
Answers serotonin
The site in the neuron where EPSPs and IPSPs are integrated is the - Answers axon hillock.
EPSPs (excitatory postsynaptic potentials) occur when - Answers extra sodium ions enter a cell.
IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) - Answers are local hyperpolarizations.
Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on
the neuron is designated - Answers spatial summation.
The simplest level of information processing takes place at the __________. - Answers axon
hillock
The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the -
Answers astrocytes
Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called - Answers
microglia
Which of these neurotransmitters does NOT bind to a plasma membrane receptor? - Answers
2026
The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central
nervous system. - Answers afferent
The ________ division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands. -
Answers efferent
Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as - Answers telodendria
The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the - Answers
synapse
How does blocking retrograde axoplasmic transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron? -
Answers The soma becomes unable to respond to changes in the distal end of the axon.
Most neurons lack ________ and so are permanently blocked from undergoing cell division. -
Answers centrioles
In order to communicate with multiple cells at the same time, an axon may branch along its
length, producing side branches called __________ - Answers collaterals
Deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the
soma is called ________ degeneration. - Answers Wallerian
________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system. - Answers Neuroglia
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by - Answers oligodendrocytes
Damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the - Answers formation of cerebrospinal
fluid
In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves by -
Answers forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth
The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called - Answers nodes of Ranvier
When a person has a stroke, blood leaks into the brain tissue. Which type of neuroglia cells
would make structural repairs to the damage? - Answers astrocytes
Opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes - Answers depolarization
A shift of the resting transmembrane potential toward 0 mV is called - Answers depolarization
Which type of ion channel is always open? - Answers leak
Puffer fish poison blocks voltage-gated sodium channels like a cork. What effect would this
, neurotoxin have on the function of neurons? - Answers The axon would be unable to generate
action potentials
Rapid impulse conduction from "node" to "node" is called - Answers saltatory propagation
The minimum stimulus required to trigger an action potential is known as the - Answers
threshold
The presence of ________ dramatically increases the speed at which an action potential moves
along an axon. - Answers myelin
When you take a pain reliever, which of the following best describes, in general terms, how this
affects the threshold of neurons? - Answers Taking a pain reliever increases the threshold
A neuron that receives neurotransmitter from another neuron is called - Answers the
postsynaptic neuron
At a(n) ________ synapse, a neurotransmitter is released to stimulate the postsynaptic
membrane. - Answers chemical
Which ion triggers synaptic vesicles to discharge neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft? -
Answers calcium
Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is
important in learning and memory? - Answers glutamate
Which neurotransmitter has widespread effects on a person's attention and emotional state? -
Answers serotonin
The site in the neuron where EPSPs and IPSPs are integrated is the - Answers axon hillock.
EPSPs (excitatory postsynaptic potentials) occur when - Answers extra sodium ions enter a cell.
IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) - Answers are local hyperpolarizations.
Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on
the neuron is designated - Answers spatial summation.
The simplest level of information processing takes place at the __________. - Answers axon
hillock
The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the -
Answers astrocytes
Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called - Answers
microglia
Which of these neurotransmitters does NOT bind to a plasma membrane receptor? - Answers
