HUBS 191 - musculoskeletal system Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest
Update 2025-2026
four basic types of tissue - Answers 1. epithelial tissue
2. connective tissue
3. muscle tissue
4. nervous tissue
epithelial tissue - Answers a layer of tissue that acts as a barrier from the outside world and us.
Functions=
- provide physical protection
- controls permeability
- provides sensation
-produce specialised sections
ex. skin
connective tissue - Answers supports, protects and gives structure to other tissues and organs.
3 types =
1. connective tissue proper (loose/dense)
2. fluid connective tissues (blood/lymph)
3. supporting connective tissues (cartilage/bone). Function = provide structure, transport fluid,
protect, store energy.
collagen fibres - Answers strong, thick fibres that run through our organs - can become too stiff
if only fibre present.
elastic fibres - Answers fibres that allow stretchiness and brings a balance to collagen fibres
elastic + collagen fibres - Answers the balance between the two fibres determines what
structure a specific organ has.
muscle tissue - Answers produces any movement of the body parts. 3 types =
1. skeletal muscle - allows muscles to grow
2. cardiac muscle - specialised muscle in the heart
3. smooth muscle - wraps around organs ex. causes stomach to twist and turn to digest food.
,nervous tissue - Answers intakes information from the outside world and uses signals to send
to the brain for action.
- conducts electrical pulses
carries information
homeostasis - Answers maintenance of stable internal environment
feedback - Answers when the controlled variable moves too far from the set point and
responses from the body attempt to move the variable back to "normal" (ie. too hot = sweat)
feedfoward - Answers when there is anticipation of an event that will alter a controlled variable
so you make the chance before the variable can be altered. (ie. snowing outside = wear coat)
upper limb - Answers
arm - Answers
forearm - Answers
hand - Answers
lower limb - Answers
thigh - Answers
leg - Answers
foot - Answers
anatomical position - Answers the standardised body position
- upright
- face fowards
- feet together
- palms face fowards
anterior - Answers closer to the front
posterior - Answers closer to the back
superior - Answers more upwards towards the head
inferior - Answers more downwards towards the feet
, medial - Answers closer to the centre of the body
lateral - Answers closer to the sides of the body
proximal - Answers closer to where limb joins the trunk
distal - Answers further away from where limb joins trunk
superficial - Answers closer to the surface
deep - Answers further from the surface
body - sagittal - Answers divides the body into left and right pieces
body - coronal - Answers divides the body into front and back sections
body - transverse - Answers divides the body into top and bottom sections
movement - sagittal - Answers back and fowards movement
movement - coronal - Answers side to side movement
movement - transverse - Answers rotating movements (ie. moving head left to right)
flexion - Answers decreasing the angle and binging fleshy parts of limb close together
extension - Answers increases angle
dorsoflexion - Answers toes are brought up towards the face
plantar flexion - Answers toes pointing towards ground
abduction - Answers movement at the joint moves limb AWAY from midline (alien abduction)
adduction - Answers movement at the joint brings limbs TOWARDS midline
inversion - Answers sole of foot faces towards midline
eversion - Answers sole of foot turns away from midline
circumduction - Answers involving four angular movements to create a circle - anything that
involves drawing a circle with your hand or foot
rotation - Answers rotation around the long axis of a joint
lateral (external) rotation - Answers
medial (internal) rotation - Answers
pronation - Answers palm faces posterior
Update 2025-2026
four basic types of tissue - Answers 1. epithelial tissue
2. connective tissue
3. muscle tissue
4. nervous tissue
epithelial tissue - Answers a layer of tissue that acts as a barrier from the outside world and us.
Functions=
- provide physical protection
- controls permeability
- provides sensation
-produce specialised sections
ex. skin
connective tissue - Answers supports, protects and gives structure to other tissues and organs.
3 types =
1. connective tissue proper (loose/dense)
2. fluid connective tissues (blood/lymph)
3. supporting connective tissues (cartilage/bone). Function = provide structure, transport fluid,
protect, store energy.
collagen fibres - Answers strong, thick fibres that run through our organs - can become too stiff
if only fibre present.
elastic fibres - Answers fibres that allow stretchiness and brings a balance to collagen fibres
elastic + collagen fibres - Answers the balance between the two fibres determines what
structure a specific organ has.
muscle tissue - Answers produces any movement of the body parts. 3 types =
1. skeletal muscle - allows muscles to grow
2. cardiac muscle - specialised muscle in the heart
3. smooth muscle - wraps around organs ex. causes stomach to twist and turn to digest food.
,nervous tissue - Answers intakes information from the outside world and uses signals to send
to the brain for action.
- conducts electrical pulses
carries information
homeostasis - Answers maintenance of stable internal environment
feedback - Answers when the controlled variable moves too far from the set point and
responses from the body attempt to move the variable back to "normal" (ie. too hot = sweat)
feedfoward - Answers when there is anticipation of an event that will alter a controlled variable
so you make the chance before the variable can be altered. (ie. snowing outside = wear coat)
upper limb - Answers
arm - Answers
forearm - Answers
hand - Answers
lower limb - Answers
thigh - Answers
leg - Answers
foot - Answers
anatomical position - Answers the standardised body position
- upright
- face fowards
- feet together
- palms face fowards
anterior - Answers closer to the front
posterior - Answers closer to the back
superior - Answers more upwards towards the head
inferior - Answers more downwards towards the feet
, medial - Answers closer to the centre of the body
lateral - Answers closer to the sides of the body
proximal - Answers closer to where limb joins the trunk
distal - Answers further away from where limb joins trunk
superficial - Answers closer to the surface
deep - Answers further from the surface
body - sagittal - Answers divides the body into left and right pieces
body - coronal - Answers divides the body into front and back sections
body - transverse - Answers divides the body into top and bottom sections
movement - sagittal - Answers back and fowards movement
movement - coronal - Answers side to side movement
movement - transverse - Answers rotating movements (ie. moving head left to right)
flexion - Answers decreasing the angle and binging fleshy parts of limb close together
extension - Answers increases angle
dorsoflexion - Answers toes are brought up towards the face
plantar flexion - Answers toes pointing towards ground
abduction - Answers movement at the joint moves limb AWAY from midline (alien abduction)
adduction - Answers movement at the joint brings limbs TOWARDS midline
inversion - Answers sole of foot faces towards midline
eversion - Answers sole of foot turns away from midline
circumduction - Answers involving four angular movements to create a circle - anything that
involves drawing a circle with your hand or foot
rotation - Answers rotation around the long axis of a joint
lateral (external) rotation - Answers
medial (internal) rotation - Answers
pronation - Answers palm faces posterior
