SPC BSC 2086 APII Modules 4 & 5,
Chapters 16, 23-25 Study Guide Exam
Fully Solved Scored A+.
endocrine glands of the body - Answer pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid
gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, gonads (ovaries and testes)
T/F: Target cells have receptors that only respond to specific hormones - Answer True
What are hormones? - Answer Long-distance chemical signals that travel in blood or lymph
throughout the body
What do hormones bind to? What does this cause? - Answer Bind to receptors on target cells
to cause a specific physiological reaction
What are autocrines? - Answer chemicals that exert effects on same cells that secrete them
Example of an autocrine - Answer prostaglandins released by smooth muscles that cause
those smooth muscles to contract
3 types of stimuli that control hormone release - Answer Humoral stimuli
Neural stimuli
Hormonal stimuli
What is the hypophyseal portal system? - Answer system of blood vessels in the brain that
connects the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary
How does the hypothalamus control the anterior pituitary? - Answer the hypothalamus
releases inhibiting and releasing hormones for the hormones of the anterior pituitary
What hormones are released from the anterior pituitary? - Answer thyroid stimulating
hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH),
growth hormone (GH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
, What does the hypothalamus make and what part of it makes this? - Answer Hypothalamus
neurons synthesize hormones that are stored and released from the posterior pituitary gland
What hormones are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland?
- Answer Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the function of oxytocin and where are its target receptors? - Answer causes uterine
smooth muscle contractions and milk ejection in the breasts
What homeostatic imbalance occurs when there is a decrease in ADH? - Answer Diabetes
insipidus
What are some effects of an ADH deficiency (4)? - Answer -diabetes insipidus
-dehydration
-decrease in blood pressure
-increase in urination
What does a decrease in growth hormone cause in children? - Answer pituitary dwarfism
What does an increase in growth hormone cause in children? - Answer gigantism
What does an increase in growth hormone cause in adults? - Answer acromegaly
What is the central ion in T3 and T4? - Answer iodine
What is another name for T3? - Answer trioodothyronine
What is another name for T4? - Answer thyroxine
What can result from a deficiency of iodine? - Answer formation of a thyroid goiter
Where are T3 and T4 produced? - Answer in the colloid of the thyroid
Chapters 16, 23-25 Study Guide Exam
Fully Solved Scored A+.
endocrine glands of the body - Answer pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid
gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, gonads (ovaries and testes)
T/F: Target cells have receptors that only respond to specific hormones - Answer True
What are hormones? - Answer Long-distance chemical signals that travel in blood or lymph
throughout the body
What do hormones bind to? What does this cause? - Answer Bind to receptors on target cells
to cause a specific physiological reaction
What are autocrines? - Answer chemicals that exert effects on same cells that secrete them
Example of an autocrine - Answer prostaglandins released by smooth muscles that cause
those smooth muscles to contract
3 types of stimuli that control hormone release - Answer Humoral stimuli
Neural stimuli
Hormonal stimuli
What is the hypophyseal portal system? - Answer system of blood vessels in the brain that
connects the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary
How does the hypothalamus control the anterior pituitary? - Answer the hypothalamus
releases inhibiting and releasing hormones for the hormones of the anterior pituitary
What hormones are released from the anterior pituitary? - Answer thyroid stimulating
hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH),
growth hormone (GH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
, What does the hypothalamus make and what part of it makes this? - Answer Hypothalamus
neurons synthesize hormones that are stored and released from the posterior pituitary gland
What hormones are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland?
- Answer Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the function of oxytocin and where are its target receptors? - Answer causes uterine
smooth muscle contractions and milk ejection in the breasts
What homeostatic imbalance occurs when there is a decrease in ADH? - Answer Diabetes
insipidus
What are some effects of an ADH deficiency (4)? - Answer -diabetes insipidus
-dehydration
-decrease in blood pressure
-increase in urination
What does a decrease in growth hormone cause in children? - Answer pituitary dwarfism
What does an increase in growth hormone cause in children? - Answer gigantism
What does an increase in growth hormone cause in adults? - Answer acromegaly
What is the central ion in T3 and T4? - Answer iodine
What is another name for T3? - Answer trioodothyronine
What is another name for T4? - Answer thyroxine
What can result from a deficiency of iodine? - Answer formation of a thyroid goiter
Where are T3 and T4 produced? - Answer in the colloid of the thyroid
