EPPP Clinical Psychology (PrepJet)
Final Exam Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions (2025-
2026) Updated Version.
4 steps in Psychoanalysis - Answer 1. Confrontation: Help clients see their behaviors that have
been hidden from them and their possible causes.
2. Clarification: Bring those behaviors into sharper focus by honing in on the most important
details.
3. Interpretation: Directly connecting conscious behaviors to unconscious processes
4. Working through: results from repeatedly interpreting and having catharsis, leads to a gradual
process where people gain new insights.
Adler's Individual Psychology - Answer We are motivated by our goals in life rather than by
unconscious forces. We are also motivated by feelings of inferiority which leads to striving for
superiority
Style of Life (Adler) - Answer specific ways person compensates for inferiority & to achieve
superiority
object constancy - Answer the development of mental representations (introjects) of the self
and objects that allow the individual to value an object for reasons other than its ability to
satisfy the individual's needs.
3 Stages of Object Constancy - Answer 1. Normal Autistic stage: happens in the first few weeks
of life, infants are totally unaware of their external environment.
2. Normal Symbiotic Stage: Infants become aware of external environment but cant differentiate
(separate) themselves from their caregiver
3. Separation individuation: begins at 5 months and continues until the child is 3 years old.
Consists of 4 substages where object constancy gradually develops
a. Differentiation
b. Practicing
c. Rapproachment
d. Beginning of object constancy
,Gestalt boundary disturbances - Answer 1. Introjection (swallowing up): People adopt others
perspectives and beliefs without questioning them.
2. Projection: People project out undesirable things onto other people
3. Retroflection: people do to themselves what they want to do to others, like cutting.
4. Deflection: People avoid contact with the environment
5. Confluence: When people blur the distinction between themselves and others.
Gestalt Therapy techniques - Answer All about gaining AWARENESS. Empty chair technique,
dreamwork, or to resolved "unfinished business" with a significant person in their life. Help
them distinguish between their. Help them distinguish between transference fantasy vs. reality.
Existensial Therapy 4 areas of disturbance - Answer § Death
§ Freedom
§ Isolation
§ Meaningless
Two Types of Anxiety (existential Therapy) - Answer 1) Normal (existential anxiety) related to
legitimate objective threats. Does NOT involve repression And 2) Neurotic anxiety,
disproportionate, involves repression. Neurotic anxiety keeps people from reaching their full
potential
Reality Therapy (Glasser)- 5 basic needs - Answer Based on Choice theory. People have 5 basic
innate needs. How they meet these needs determines if they have a success or failure identity
1. Love and belonging
2. Power
3. Fun
4. Freedom
5. Survival
Wubboldings WDEP system - Answer Strategy for getting someone to adopt a success identity.
Ask about
Wants and Needs
See what they are Doing to foster awareness of behaviors
, Seligmann's PERMA model - Answer describes the 5 essential elements of well-being (positive
psychology)
Positive Emotions: experiencing pleasure, hope, gratitude, love and other positive emotions
Engagement: Refers to being truly engaged, characterized by Flow- total
Relationships
Meaning: being dedicated to a cause bigger than oneself
Accomplishment-achievement
Personal Construct Therapy: (Kelly) - Answer Focuses on how people construe events and tries
to change them. Personal constructs, involve bipolar dimensions of meaning like fair/unfair,
friend/enemy. Developed fixed role therapy to help clients try out alternative constructs, like
playing out a fictional character who doesn't suck as much as you do.
3 Stages of Interpersonal Psychotherapy - Answer 1. Initial Stage: Determine diagnosis and
interpersonal context of symptoms. For depression, problem areas are interpersonal role
disputes, interpersonal role transitions, interpersonal deficits, and grief.
a. During this stage, they are assigned the "sick role" -allows them to just be sick without
blaming themselves. Helps them view their condition as temporary and treatable.
2. Middle Phase: Use strategies to treat the problem, like encouragement of affect, role-playing,
communication analysis, and decision analysis.
3. Final Stage: Address issues related to termination and relapse prevention.
3 questions in Solution Focused Therapy - Answer 1. Miracle Question: Helps orient client to
future/goals.
2. Exception Questions: When did you not feel this way over past 2 weeks?
3. Scale questions
People in the Precontemplation phase of Transtheoretical Model would benefit from? - Answer
a. 1)Consciousness raising, 2)Dramatic relief (experiencing and expressing emotions) and
3)Environmental reevaluation (examining how the environment affects their behavior)
Motivation to change is determined by these 3 factors - Answer 1. Decisional balance: their
beliefs about the pros vs cons of bx change, this is most important during contemplation stage.
2. Self efficacy: refers to the confidence they have about their ability to change and avoid
relapse? Important determinant if someone from contemplation to preparation and then
preparation to action.
Final Exam Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions (2025-
2026) Updated Version.
4 steps in Psychoanalysis - Answer 1. Confrontation: Help clients see their behaviors that have
been hidden from them and their possible causes.
2. Clarification: Bring those behaviors into sharper focus by honing in on the most important
details.
3. Interpretation: Directly connecting conscious behaviors to unconscious processes
4. Working through: results from repeatedly interpreting and having catharsis, leads to a gradual
process where people gain new insights.
Adler's Individual Psychology - Answer We are motivated by our goals in life rather than by
unconscious forces. We are also motivated by feelings of inferiority which leads to striving for
superiority
Style of Life (Adler) - Answer specific ways person compensates for inferiority & to achieve
superiority
object constancy - Answer the development of mental representations (introjects) of the self
and objects that allow the individual to value an object for reasons other than its ability to
satisfy the individual's needs.
3 Stages of Object Constancy - Answer 1. Normal Autistic stage: happens in the first few weeks
of life, infants are totally unaware of their external environment.
2. Normal Symbiotic Stage: Infants become aware of external environment but cant differentiate
(separate) themselves from their caregiver
3. Separation individuation: begins at 5 months and continues until the child is 3 years old.
Consists of 4 substages where object constancy gradually develops
a. Differentiation
b. Practicing
c. Rapproachment
d. Beginning of object constancy
,Gestalt boundary disturbances - Answer 1. Introjection (swallowing up): People adopt others
perspectives and beliefs without questioning them.
2. Projection: People project out undesirable things onto other people
3. Retroflection: people do to themselves what they want to do to others, like cutting.
4. Deflection: People avoid contact with the environment
5. Confluence: When people blur the distinction between themselves and others.
Gestalt Therapy techniques - Answer All about gaining AWARENESS. Empty chair technique,
dreamwork, or to resolved "unfinished business" with a significant person in their life. Help
them distinguish between their. Help them distinguish between transference fantasy vs. reality.
Existensial Therapy 4 areas of disturbance - Answer § Death
§ Freedom
§ Isolation
§ Meaningless
Two Types of Anxiety (existential Therapy) - Answer 1) Normal (existential anxiety) related to
legitimate objective threats. Does NOT involve repression And 2) Neurotic anxiety,
disproportionate, involves repression. Neurotic anxiety keeps people from reaching their full
potential
Reality Therapy (Glasser)- 5 basic needs - Answer Based on Choice theory. People have 5 basic
innate needs. How they meet these needs determines if they have a success or failure identity
1. Love and belonging
2. Power
3. Fun
4. Freedom
5. Survival
Wubboldings WDEP system - Answer Strategy for getting someone to adopt a success identity.
Ask about
Wants and Needs
See what they are Doing to foster awareness of behaviors
, Seligmann's PERMA model - Answer describes the 5 essential elements of well-being (positive
psychology)
Positive Emotions: experiencing pleasure, hope, gratitude, love and other positive emotions
Engagement: Refers to being truly engaged, characterized by Flow- total
Relationships
Meaning: being dedicated to a cause bigger than oneself
Accomplishment-achievement
Personal Construct Therapy: (Kelly) - Answer Focuses on how people construe events and tries
to change them. Personal constructs, involve bipolar dimensions of meaning like fair/unfair,
friend/enemy. Developed fixed role therapy to help clients try out alternative constructs, like
playing out a fictional character who doesn't suck as much as you do.
3 Stages of Interpersonal Psychotherapy - Answer 1. Initial Stage: Determine diagnosis and
interpersonal context of symptoms. For depression, problem areas are interpersonal role
disputes, interpersonal role transitions, interpersonal deficits, and grief.
a. During this stage, they are assigned the "sick role" -allows them to just be sick without
blaming themselves. Helps them view their condition as temporary and treatable.
2. Middle Phase: Use strategies to treat the problem, like encouragement of affect, role-playing,
communication analysis, and decision analysis.
3. Final Stage: Address issues related to termination and relapse prevention.
3 questions in Solution Focused Therapy - Answer 1. Miracle Question: Helps orient client to
future/goals.
2. Exception Questions: When did you not feel this way over past 2 weeks?
3. Scale questions
People in the Precontemplation phase of Transtheoretical Model would benefit from? - Answer
a. 1)Consciousness raising, 2)Dramatic relief (experiencing and expressing emotions) and
3)Environmental reevaluation (examining how the environment affects their behavior)
Motivation to change is determined by these 3 factors - Answer 1. Decisional balance: their
beliefs about the pros vs cons of bx change, this is most important during contemplation stage.
2. Self efficacy: refers to the confidence they have about their ability to change and avoid
relapse? Important determinant if someone from contemplation to preparation and then
preparation to action.
