Genetics Spring 2025 Moehnke Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 Characteristic of Epigenetics Correct Answers 1) Changes in
chromatic structure, which alter gene expression
2) Heritable
3) No change in nucleotide sequence
Allopatric Speciation Correct Answers When a geographic
barrier first splits its population into two groups and blocks the
exchange of genes between them.
Anticipation Correct Answers When diseases caused by
nucleotide-repeat expansions become more severe in each
generation.
Base Substitutions Correct Answers Is the alteration of a
single nucleotide in the DNA.
Biological Species Concept Correct Answers Species is a
group of organisms that can interbreed with one another but are
reproductively isolated from the members of other species.
Cancer Cells Correct Answers 1) Do not respond to normal
cell cycle controls
2) Rob healthy tissues of nutrients
3) Mass of cancer cells = tumor
4) Localized tumor = benign
5) Tumor invades other tissues = malignant
6) Metastasis: process in which malignant tumor travel to distant
sites in body and form secondary structures
, cDNA Library Correct Answers A library consisting only of
those DNA sequences that are transcribed into mRNA.
Chemically Induced Mutagens Correct Answers 1) Can cause
misfiring during replication
2) Intercalating agents, which produce mutagens by sandwiching
themselves between adjacent bases in DNA, distorting the 3-
dimensional structure of the helm and causing single-nucleotide
insertions and deletions in replication.
Clonal Evolution Correct Answers As cells acquire more
mutations, they become the dominant cell type within the tumor.
Cloning Vector Correct Answers 1) Is a stable, replicating
DNA molecule to which a foreign DNA fragment can be
attached for introduction to a cell.
2) Requirements include: Origin of replication, selectable
marker, and one or more restriction sited into which a DNA
fragment can be inserted.
3) You can insert a foreign gene into it by cutting the foreign
DNA (containing the gene) and the plasmid with the same
restriction enzyme.
CpG Islands Correct Answers Are guanine nucleotides and are
found near transcription start sites. These sites are often
methylated, but the methyl groups are removed before the
initiation of transcription.
DNA Methylation Correct Answers The change in chromatin
structure associated with transcription is the methylation of
Solutions
3 Characteristic of Epigenetics Correct Answers 1) Changes in
chromatic structure, which alter gene expression
2) Heritable
3) No change in nucleotide sequence
Allopatric Speciation Correct Answers When a geographic
barrier first splits its population into two groups and blocks the
exchange of genes between them.
Anticipation Correct Answers When diseases caused by
nucleotide-repeat expansions become more severe in each
generation.
Base Substitutions Correct Answers Is the alteration of a
single nucleotide in the DNA.
Biological Species Concept Correct Answers Species is a
group of organisms that can interbreed with one another but are
reproductively isolated from the members of other species.
Cancer Cells Correct Answers 1) Do not respond to normal
cell cycle controls
2) Rob healthy tissues of nutrients
3) Mass of cancer cells = tumor
4) Localized tumor = benign
5) Tumor invades other tissues = malignant
6) Metastasis: process in which malignant tumor travel to distant
sites in body and form secondary structures
, cDNA Library Correct Answers A library consisting only of
those DNA sequences that are transcribed into mRNA.
Chemically Induced Mutagens Correct Answers 1) Can cause
misfiring during replication
2) Intercalating agents, which produce mutagens by sandwiching
themselves between adjacent bases in DNA, distorting the 3-
dimensional structure of the helm and causing single-nucleotide
insertions and deletions in replication.
Clonal Evolution Correct Answers As cells acquire more
mutations, they become the dominant cell type within the tumor.
Cloning Vector Correct Answers 1) Is a stable, replicating
DNA molecule to which a foreign DNA fragment can be
attached for introduction to a cell.
2) Requirements include: Origin of replication, selectable
marker, and one or more restriction sited into which a DNA
fragment can be inserted.
3) You can insert a foreign gene into it by cutting the foreign
DNA (containing the gene) and the plasmid with the same
restriction enzyme.
CpG Islands Correct Answers Are guanine nucleotides and are
found near transcription start sites. These sites are often
methylated, but the methyl groups are removed before the
initiation of transcription.
DNA Methylation Correct Answers The change in chromatin
structure associated with transcription is the methylation of
