TEST BANK
EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONDER: FIRST ON SCENE
Page | 1
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to EMS Systems 1
Chapter 2 Legal and Ethical Principles of Emergency Care 8
Chapter 3 Wellness and Safety of the Emergency Medical Responder 15
Chapter 4 Introduction to Medical Terminology, Human Anatomy, 21
Chapter 5 Introduction to Pathophysiology 27
Chapter 6 Principles of Lifting, Moving, and Positioning of Patients 33
Chapter 7 Principles of Effective Communication 39
Chapter 8 Principles of Effective Documentation45
Chapter 9 Principles of Airway Management and Ventilation 51
Chapter 10 Principles of Oxygen Therapy 59
Chapter 11 Principles of Resuscitation 64
Chapter 12 Obtaining a Medical History and Vital Signs 70
Chapter 13 Principles of Patient Assessment 76
Chapter 14 Caring for Cardiac Emergencies 83
Chapter 15 Caring for Respiratory Emergencies 90 Chapter 16
Caring for Common Medical Emergencies 96
Chapter 17 Caring for Environmental Emergencies 104
Chapter 18 Caring for Soft-Tissue Injuries and Bleeding 110
Chapter 19 Recognition and Care of Shock 117
Chapter 20 Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries 125
Chapter 21 Caring for Head and Spine Injuries 132
Chapter 22 Caring for Chest and Abdominal Emergencies 137
Chapter 23 Care During Pregnancy and Childbirth 143
Chapter 24 Caring for Infants and Children 150
Chapter 25 Special Considerations for the Geriatric Patient 156
Chapter 26 Introduction to EMS Operations and Hazardous Response 162
Chapter 27 Introduction to Multiple-Casualty Incidents, the Incident Command System, 171
Page | 2
, Chapter 1 Introduction to EMS Systems
1) What term/phrase is used when referring to the chain of human resources and emergency services
linked together to provide continuous emergency care from the scene to the medical facility?
A) EMT resources
B) 911 services
C) EMS system
D) Emergency services ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-5
Objective: 1
2) The Medical Director is a physician who assumes the ultimate responsibility for:
A) standards, protocols, and evaluation of patient care.
B) certification and licensure of EMRs.
C) staffing decisions and hiring.
D) answering and dispatching 911 calls. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6
Objective: 1
3) You have received an order over the phone from the Medical Director to administer oxygen to the
patient. This would be called:
A) off-line medical direction.
B) on-line medical direction.
Page | 3
,C) hospital direction.
D) EMS coordinator direction. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 12
4) The procedures that an Emergency Medical Responder can and must legally provide as care for a
patient are called:
A) scope of practice.
B) scope of training.
C) standard of care.
D) standard of training. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 10
5) Which agency coordinates EMS on a national level and defines all levels of EMS providers?
A) NEMSES
B) AEMT
C) NHTSA
D) NSPM
ANSWER: C Diff: 2
Page Ref: 7-8
Objective: 2
6) One important point where trained and untrained people come together as part of the EMS system is:
A) the 911 service.
B) clinical care.
C) ambulance response.
Page | 4
,D) evaluation. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5
Objective: 3
7) How many nationally recognized levels of EMS training are covered by the National EMS Education
Standards?
A) 8
B) 2
C) 5
D) 4
ANSWER: D Diff: 1
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 5
8) Which level of EMS education allows the responder to perform cardiac defibrillation?
A) Paramedic
B) AEMT
C) EMT
D) EMR
ANSWER: A Diff: 1
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 6
9) Which level is considered the minimum level of education and certification for ambulance personnel in
most areas of the United States?
A) Paramedic
B) AEMT
Page | 5
,C) EMT
D) EMR
ANSWER: C Diff: 2
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 6
10) Many police officers, firefighters, industrial workers, and other public service providers are trained as
Emergency Medical Responders because the EMR level is designed specifically for those who:
A) can insert advanced airways and IV lines.
B) have the authority to arrest suspects.
C) are ambulance personnel.
D) may arrive first on the scene. ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 7
11) Which EMS model is typically operated by a government entity other than the fire department?
A) Public utility
B) EMS
C) Paramedic
D) Hospital-based ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 8
12) The scope of practice for an EMS provider is defined by statutes and regulations developed by:
A) national professional organizations.
B) state or local EMS entities.
C) Federal government.
Page | 6
,D) The Surgeon General. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 9
13) Most 911 calls are automatically directed to which location, which is operated by a city or county
agency with specially trained dispatchers?
A) Emergency room switchboard
B) Fire department
C) Public safety answering point (PSAP)
D) Hospital ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 11
14) Which of these skills could be performed by all nationally recognized levels of EMS practitioners?
A) Initiation of the IV line
B) Administration of cardiac medications
C) Intubating a newborn infant in respiratory arrest
D) Stopping a massive arterial bleed from a chainsaw accident ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 10
15) Which of these is an example of an off-line medical direction?
A) Telephone orders
B) On-scene medical intervention
C) Standing orders
D) Direct intervention ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Page | 7
,Objective: 12
16) You are responding to an emergency involving a middle-aged man who broke his arm while playing
football in the park with some college students. You smell an odor resembling that of alcohol about him.
He appears angry and yells random insults at you. What should you do?
A) Tell him that you cannot treat him until he treats you with respect.
B) Stay calm and overlook his behavior.
C) Provide treatment but tell him that he's not hurt badly and to stop complaining.
D) Call for police back-up and avoid treating the patient until they arrive. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15
Objective: 13
17) In an EMS system, CQI means continuous improvement in the quality of:
A) health care products.
B) hospital systems.
C) protocols and standards.
D) patient care. ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16
Objective: 14
18) What is the goal of the public health system administered by the communities they serve?
A) Emergency medical response services
B) Continuous quality improvement
C) Medical direction
D) Optimal health and quality of life ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 15
Page | 8
,19) What is the name of the specialized team consisting of highly experienced, trained EMS personnel
that can be deployed at a moment's notice to disaster emergencies anywhere in the United States?
A) Disaster Medical Assistance Teams
B) Emergency Medical Systems
C) Emergency Response Teams
D) Disaster First Responders ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 16
20) New research means new practices are constantly being developed to improve EMS practice. Which
two organizations release new guidelines for resuscitation and emergency care every few years?
A) American Medical Association and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
B) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the American Heart Association
C) American Heart Association and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 17
21) Which technology makes it possible for emergency personnel to easily locate and navigate to the
scene of an emergency?
A) 911
B) EMS
C) GPS
D) MAPS
ANSWER: C Diff: 1
Page Ref: 18
Objective: 17
Page | 9
, 22) What type of health care facility provides specialized services, such as trauma care, pediatric care,
cardiac care, stroke care, or burn care?
A) Outpatient clinic
B) Medical office
C) Dispatch center
D) Specialty hospital ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 1
23) Which of these is the definition of "protocols"?
A) Indirect medical direction communicated by radio or telephone
B) Written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel provide for patients
C) Specialized equipment to minimize contact with infectious substances
D) Personal traits that indicate professionalism in an EMR ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 11 SCENARIO
Use this scenario to answer these question(s).
You and your partner are called to a one-vehicle collision. A car has collided with a telephone pole. You
arrive on the scene and notice that the police are controlling the traffic and that the power company has
turned the power off. The patient is a 65-year-old male who is unconscious in the driver's seat. He is
breathing and has a pulse. There is a starburst crack in the windshield, and the patient is unrestrained. As
your crew is approaching the scene, the local Advanced Life Support Crew arrives.
24) As an Emergency Medical Responder on this call, the first responsibility for you and your crew would
be to:
A) determine the number of patients needing your care.
B) ensure that it is safe for you and your crew to enter the area.
C) determine the need for advanced resources.
Page | 10
EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONDER: FIRST ON SCENE
Page | 1
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to EMS Systems 1
Chapter 2 Legal and Ethical Principles of Emergency Care 8
Chapter 3 Wellness and Safety of the Emergency Medical Responder 15
Chapter 4 Introduction to Medical Terminology, Human Anatomy, 21
Chapter 5 Introduction to Pathophysiology 27
Chapter 6 Principles of Lifting, Moving, and Positioning of Patients 33
Chapter 7 Principles of Effective Communication 39
Chapter 8 Principles of Effective Documentation45
Chapter 9 Principles of Airway Management and Ventilation 51
Chapter 10 Principles of Oxygen Therapy 59
Chapter 11 Principles of Resuscitation 64
Chapter 12 Obtaining a Medical History and Vital Signs 70
Chapter 13 Principles of Patient Assessment 76
Chapter 14 Caring for Cardiac Emergencies 83
Chapter 15 Caring for Respiratory Emergencies 90 Chapter 16
Caring for Common Medical Emergencies 96
Chapter 17 Caring for Environmental Emergencies 104
Chapter 18 Caring for Soft-Tissue Injuries and Bleeding 110
Chapter 19 Recognition and Care of Shock 117
Chapter 20 Caring for Muscle and Bone Injuries 125
Chapter 21 Caring for Head and Spine Injuries 132
Chapter 22 Caring for Chest and Abdominal Emergencies 137
Chapter 23 Care During Pregnancy and Childbirth 143
Chapter 24 Caring for Infants and Children 150
Chapter 25 Special Considerations for the Geriatric Patient 156
Chapter 26 Introduction to EMS Operations and Hazardous Response 162
Chapter 27 Introduction to Multiple-Casualty Incidents, the Incident Command System, 171
Page | 2
, Chapter 1 Introduction to EMS Systems
1) What term/phrase is used when referring to the chain of human resources and emergency services
linked together to provide continuous emergency care from the scene to the medical facility?
A) EMT resources
B) 911 services
C) EMS system
D) Emergency services ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-5
Objective: 1
2) The Medical Director is a physician who assumes the ultimate responsibility for:
A) standards, protocols, and evaluation of patient care.
B) certification and licensure of EMRs.
C) staffing decisions and hiring.
D) answering and dispatching 911 calls. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6
Objective: 1
3) You have received an order over the phone from the Medical Director to administer oxygen to the
patient. This would be called:
A) off-line medical direction.
B) on-line medical direction.
Page | 3
,C) hospital direction.
D) EMS coordinator direction. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 12
4) The procedures that an Emergency Medical Responder can and must legally provide as care for a
patient are called:
A) scope of practice.
B) scope of training.
C) standard of care.
D) standard of training. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 10
5) Which agency coordinates EMS on a national level and defines all levels of EMS providers?
A) NEMSES
B) AEMT
C) NHTSA
D) NSPM
ANSWER: C Diff: 2
Page Ref: 7-8
Objective: 2
6) One important point where trained and untrained people come together as part of the EMS system is:
A) the 911 service.
B) clinical care.
C) ambulance response.
Page | 4
,D) evaluation. ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5
Objective: 3
7) How many nationally recognized levels of EMS training are covered by the National EMS Education
Standards?
A) 8
B) 2
C) 5
D) 4
ANSWER: D Diff: 1
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 5
8) Which level of EMS education allows the responder to perform cardiac defibrillation?
A) Paramedic
B) AEMT
C) EMT
D) EMR
ANSWER: A Diff: 1
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 6
9) Which level is considered the minimum level of education and certification for ambulance personnel in
most areas of the United States?
A) Paramedic
B) AEMT
Page | 5
,C) EMT
D) EMR
ANSWER: C Diff: 2
Page Ref: 8
Objective: 6
10) Many police officers, firefighters, industrial workers, and other public service providers are trained as
Emergency Medical Responders because the EMR level is designed specifically for those who:
A) can insert advanced airways and IV lines.
B) have the authority to arrest suspects.
C) are ambulance personnel.
D) may arrive first on the scene. ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 7
11) Which EMS model is typically operated by a government entity other than the fire department?
A) Public utility
B) EMS
C) Paramedic
D) Hospital-based ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 8
12) The scope of practice for an EMS provider is defined by statutes and regulations developed by:
A) national professional organizations.
B) state or local EMS entities.
C) Federal government.
Page | 6
,D) The Surgeon General. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 9
13) Most 911 calls are automatically directed to which location, which is operated by a city or county
agency with specially trained dispatchers?
A) Emergency room switchboard
B) Fire department
C) Public safety answering point (PSAP)
D) Hospital ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9
Objective: 11
14) Which of these skills could be performed by all nationally recognized levels of EMS practitioners?
A) Initiation of the IV line
B) Administration of cardiac medications
C) Intubating a newborn infant in respiratory arrest
D) Stopping a massive arterial bleed from a chainsaw accident ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8
Objective: 10
15) Which of these is an example of an off-line medical direction?
A) Telephone orders
B) On-scene medical intervention
C) Standing orders
D) Direct intervention ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Page | 7
,Objective: 12
16) You are responding to an emergency involving a middle-aged man who broke his arm while playing
football in the park with some college students. You smell an odor resembling that of alcohol about him.
He appears angry and yells random insults at you. What should you do?
A) Tell him that you cannot treat him until he treats you with respect.
B) Stay calm and overlook his behavior.
C) Provide treatment but tell him that he's not hurt badly and to stop complaining.
D) Call for police back-up and avoid treating the patient until they arrive. ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 15
Objective: 13
17) In an EMS system, CQI means continuous improvement in the quality of:
A) health care products.
B) hospital systems.
C) protocols and standards.
D) patient care. ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16
Objective: 14
18) What is the goal of the public health system administered by the communities they serve?
A) Emergency medical response services
B) Continuous quality improvement
C) Medical direction
D) Optimal health and quality of life ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 15
Page | 8
,19) What is the name of the specialized team consisting of highly experienced, trained EMS personnel
that can be deployed at a moment's notice to disaster emergencies anywhere in the United States?
A) Disaster Medical Assistance Teams
B) Emergency Medical Systems
C) Emergency Response Teams
D) Disaster First Responders ANSWER: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 16
20) New research means new practices are constantly being developed to improve EMS practice. Which
two organizations release new guidelines for resuscitation and emergency care every few years?
A) American Medical Association and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
B) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the American Heart Association
C) American Heart Association and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association ANSWER: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17
Objective: 17
21) Which technology makes it possible for emergency personnel to easily locate and navigate to the
scene of an emergency?
A) 911
B) EMS
C) GPS
D) MAPS
ANSWER: C Diff: 1
Page Ref: 18
Objective: 17
Page | 9
, 22) What type of health care facility provides specialized services, such as trauma care, pediatric care,
cardiac care, stroke care, or burn care?
A) Outpatient clinic
B) Medical office
C) Dispatch center
D) Specialty hospital ANSWER: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 1
23) Which of these is the definition of "protocols"?
A) Indirect medical direction communicated by radio or telephone
B) Written guidelines that direct the care EMS personnel provide for patients
C) Specialized equipment to minimize contact with infectious substances
D) Personal traits that indicate professionalism in an EMR ANSWER: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Objective: 11 SCENARIO
Use this scenario to answer these question(s).
You and your partner are called to a one-vehicle collision. A car has collided with a telephone pole. You
arrive on the scene and notice that the police are controlling the traffic and that the power company has
turned the power off. The patient is a 65-year-old male who is unconscious in the driver's seat. He is
breathing and has a pulse. There is a starburst crack in the windshield, and the patient is unrestrained. As
your crew is approaching the scene, the local Advanced Life Support Crew arrives.
24) As an Emergency Medical Responder on this call, the first responsibility for you and your crew would
be to:
A) determine the number of patients needing your care.
B) ensure that it is safe for you and your crew to enter the area.
C) determine the need for advanced resources.
Page | 10
