Hemodynamic Monitoring Study Guide with Solution Updated 2025/2026

Hemodynamic Monitoring
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1. What is hemody- Looks at relationship between HR, BP and oxygen delivery and tissue perfu-
namic monitoring? sion
Accuracy is key!!!

2. How do you calcu- HR x SV (stroke volume)
late cardiac output?

3. What are the com- HR
ponents of CO? Preload
Afterload
Contractility

4. What happens Tissue perfusion decreases
when HR is too
slow?

5. What happens Not as much blood in ventricles filling up
when HR is too fast? When ventricles squeeze to eject blood it is not squeezing enough blood
CO is affected

6. What is preload? The volume (stretch) of blood in the ventricles at end diastole

7. What is the How we describe the hearts ability to stretch and change the force of its
Frank-Starling Law? contractions in response to volume

8. What are the 2 ways Right ventricular preload (volume on right heart)
that preload is ex- Left ventricular preload (volume on left heart)
pressed?

9. What is right ven- Central venous pressure (CVP)
tricular preload ex-
pressed as?

10. 2-6 mmHg


, Hemodynamic Monitoring
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What are the nor-
mal value of right
ventricular preload
(CVP)?

11. What happens Fluid volume excess (FVE)
when right ventricu-
lar preload (CVP) is
elevated?

12. What happens Fluid volume deficit (FVD)
when right ventricu-
lar preload (CVP) is
decreased?

13. What is left ven- Pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (PAOP)
tricular preload ex-
pressed as?

14. What are the normal 8-12 mmHg
value of left ventric-
ular preload (PAOP)?

15. What happens Fluid volume excess (FVE)
when left ventricu-
lar preload (PAOP) is
elevated?

16. What happens Fluid volume deficit (FVD)
when left ventricu-
lar preload (CVP) is
decreased?