PHYL1001 Exam Questions and Answers Solved Correctly
Physiology is the study of - Answersnormal functioning of a living organism and its component
parts, including all of its chemical and physical processes
The human body has ___ organ systems that work together, which are - Answers10
Circulatory (cardiovascular), digestive, endocrine, immune, integumentary, musculoskeletal,
nervous, reproductive, respiratory, urinary (renal)
Homeostasis is - Answersthe ability of the human body to monitor its internal environment and
to take actions to correct or minimize disruptions that threaten its normal function
Homeostasis is dynamic, meaning - Answerssmall changes take place all the time in our
internal environment
What is the external environment? - AnswersEnvironment the organism lives in (i.e., atmosphere)
What is the internal environment? - AnswersThe environment our cells live in
The internal environment is divided into _____ and ____ - AnswersExtracellular fluid (ECF) (the
fluid outside our cells) and intracellular fluid (ICF) (the fluid inside our cells)
To move between compartments, substances must - Answerscross membranes
Cells contain _____ and are surrounded by ____ - AnswersICF, ECF
The cell membrane separates - Answerscells from the ECF
What organ systems are in contact with the external environment? - AnswersDigestive,
respiratory, urinary, reproductive
Negative feedback are designed to - Answerskeep the body in homeostasis
Positive feedback loops ______ - Answersreinforce the initial stimulus, temporarily sends the
body out of homeostasis and requires outside intervention to shut off the positive feedback
loop
What is local control? - AnswersHomeostatic control that takes place within a tissue
What is reflex control (long-distance)? - AnswersHomeostatic control that requires long-
distance signalling, involves many different organs
What makes the plasma membrane a hydrophobic barrier? - AnswersPhospholipids
Functions of the plasma membrane include - AnswersBarrier between ICF and ECF (lipids),
regulation of exchange between ICF and ECF (protein), communication between ICF and ECF
(proteins), structural support (proteins and carbohydrates)
, What does the plasma membrane contain? - AnswersPhospholipids, cholesterol, carbohydrates,
and proteins
Cells join together via ____ to form ______ - Answersjunctions, tissues
The three types of cell junctions are - Answerscommunicating, occluding, anchoring
Gap junctions are a type of cell junction that - Answersallow direct and rapid cell-to-cell
communication between cytoplasm of neighbouring cells
Tight junctions are - Answersa type of occluding junction that restrict the movement of material
between the cells they link (i.e., act as a barrier)
Desmosomes are - Answersthe strongest type of anchoring junction that attach neighbouring
cells together, holds cells in place within tissue
ECF is made up of - Answersinterstitial fluid and plasma, makes up 1/3 of the total body water
volume
What is interstitial fluid? - AnswersLies between the circulatory system and the cells
What is plasma? - AnswersBlood plasma is the liquid matrix of blood
Cells (intracellular fluid, ICF) make up _____ of the total body water volume - Answers2/3
The body is in osmotic equilibrium, meaning - Answersthe concentration of particles in ICF
equal the concentration of particles in ECF
Water is able to move freely between ____ and ____ - AnswersICF, ECF
Will distribute itself until the water concentration is equal in each compartment
What is the normal osmolarity in a healthy cell? - Answers300 mOsm/L
Water follows _______ - AnswersSolutes
Will go to the side with more solutes
Osmosis is - Answersthe passive movement of water across a membrane in response to a
solute concentration gradient
What is a concentration gradient? - AnswersDifference in concentration
Osmotic pressure is - Answersthe pressure that the piston must exert to stop the movement of
water
The greater the osmotic pressure, - AnswersThe greater the H2O movement
What type of transport does not require an external source of energy (does not need ATP)? -
Physiology is the study of - Answersnormal functioning of a living organism and its component
parts, including all of its chemical and physical processes
The human body has ___ organ systems that work together, which are - Answers10
Circulatory (cardiovascular), digestive, endocrine, immune, integumentary, musculoskeletal,
nervous, reproductive, respiratory, urinary (renal)
Homeostasis is - Answersthe ability of the human body to monitor its internal environment and
to take actions to correct or minimize disruptions that threaten its normal function
Homeostasis is dynamic, meaning - Answerssmall changes take place all the time in our
internal environment
What is the external environment? - AnswersEnvironment the organism lives in (i.e., atmosphere)
What is the internal environment? - AnswersThe environment our cells live in
The internal environment is divided into _____ and ____ - AnswersExtracellular fluid (ECF) (the
fluid outside our cells) and intracellular fluid (ICF) (the fluid inside our cells)
To move between compartments, substances must - Answerscross membranes
Cells contain _____ and are surrounded by ____ - AnswersICF, ECF
The cell membrane separates - Answerscells from the ECF
What organ systems are in contact with the external environment? - AnswersDigestive,
respiratory, urinary, reproductive
Negative feedback are designed to - Answerskeep the body in homeostasis
Positive feedback loops ______ - Answersreinforce the initial stimulus, temporarily sends the
body out of homeostasis and requires outside intervention to shut off the positive feedback
loop
What is local control? - AnswersHomeostatic control that takes place within a tissue
What is reflex control (long-distance)? - AnswersHomeostatic control that requires long-
distance signalling, involves many different organs
What makes the plasma membrane a hydrophobic barrier? - AnswersPhospholipids
Functions of the plasma membrane include - AnswersBarrier between ICF and ECF (lipids),
regulation of exchange between ICF and ECF (protein), communication between ICF and ECF
(proteins), structural support (proteins and carbohydrates)
, What does the plasma membrane contain? - AnswersPhospholipids, cholesterol, carbohydrates,
and proteins
Cells join together via ____ to form ______ - Answersjunctions, tissues
The three types of cell junctions are - Answerscommunicating, occluding, anchoring
Gap junctions are a type of cell junction that - Answersallow direct and rapid cell-to-cell
communication between cytoplasm of neighbouring cells
Tight junctions are - Answersa type of occluding junction that restrict the movement of material
between the cells they link (i.e., act as a barrier)
Desmosomes are - Answersthe strongest type of anchoring junction that attach neighbouring
cells together, holds cells in place within tissue
ECF is made up of - Answersinterstitial fluid and plasma, makes up 1/3 of the total body water
volume
What is interstitial fluid? - AnswersLies between the circulatory system and the cells
What is plasma? - AnswersBlood plasma is the liquid matrix of blood
Cells (intracellular fluid, ICF) make up _____ of the total body water volume - Answers2/3
The body is in osmotic equilibrium, meaning - Answersthe concentration of particles in ICF
equal the concentration of particles in ECF
Water is able to move freely between ____ and ____ - AnswersICF, ECF
Will distribute itself until the water concentration is equal in each compartment
What is the normal osmolarity in a healthy cell? - Answers300 mOsm/L
Water follows _______ - AnswersSolutes
Will go to the side with more solutes
Osmosis is - Answersthe passive movement of water across a membrane in response to a
solute concentration gradient
What is a concentration gradient? - AnswersDifference in concentration
Osmotic pressure is - Answersthe pressure that the piston must exert to stop the movement of
water
The greater the osmotic pressure, - AnswersThe greater the H2O movement
What type of transport does not require an external source of energy (does not need ATP)? -
