NSG 100 Test 1
• What is the role of a physical therapist?: helps patients improve mobility andmanage pain
through appropriate physical activities.
• What is the role of an occupational therapist?: helps patients function opti-mally in their
daily lives and environment
• What are the four types of infections?: Bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic
• What are the steps of the Chain of Infection?: 1. Infectious agent
2. Source of Infection
3. Portal of Exit
4. Mode of Transmission
5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
• What are the bodies natural defenses?: Normal flora
Inflammatory Response
Immune Response
• What factors increase a persons risk for infection?: Being an older adult, being an infant,
having secondary diagnosis, compromised immunity, poor tissue integrity/breaks in the skin,
invasive procedures, prolonged antibiotic use
• What are the 4 stages of the Infectious Process?: Incubation Period-when the infectious
organism invades the body
Prodromal Stage-Non specific symptoms start to appear Illness Stage-Microorganism specific
symptoms start to appear
Convalescent Stage-Symptoms start to subside, body returns to "normal"
• What are the symptoms of a Localized Infection?: Redness, swelling, warmth, pain,
tenderness, drainage, numbness, tingling, & loss of function to alteredarea
• What are systemic infections?: Infections that infiltrate the bloodstream. Caus- es fever,
increase in heart rate, respiratory rate, lethargy, anorexia & tenderness or enlargement of lymph
nodes
• What are risk factors associated with HAI's?: length of stay, compromised immunity,
invasive procedures (ex: catheters, surgeries), extended use of antibiotics,age, transmission via
healthcare workers, chronic disease, unsanitary environment,breaks in skin/tissue integrity
• Describe Contact Precautions: private room or cohort room, gloves, gowns,
, • Describe Airborne Precautions: private room (negative pressure airflow),Hepa filtration,
N-95 mask or respiratory protection device
• Describe Droplet Precautions: private room or cohort patients, mask or respi-rator
• Describe Standard Precautions: hand hygiene between patients and after contact with
blood or bodily fluids, no artificial nails or nail polish, wear gloves withblood/body fluid and
broken skin, put sharps in sharps container, cough etiquette,ALL PATIENTS, ALL THE
TIME
• Identify HAI Prevention Strategies: Knowing and breaking the chain of infec- tion, hand
hygiene, standard precautions, airborne precaution, droplet precautions, and contact
precautions, assessing and identifying those at risk for infections.
• What are Primary Preventions: Implemented before the disease occurs, aims to modify risk
factors to avoid the onset of disease and prevent pathologic processesfrom occurring
• What are Secondary Prevention's: Used in the cases of hidden diseases, thegoal is early
detection and diagnosis of health problems before patients exhibit symptoms of disease
• Concepts Interrelated with Infection: Nutrition, Tissue Integrity, Stress/Cop-ing,
Immunity, Inflammation
• What is the science of safety?: A discipline that seeks to understand a preventadverse
events
• What is safety?: The freedom from accidental injury
• What factors influence a safe healthcare environment?: Falls, restraints, medication
administration errors, overexposure to radiation, drug-resistant microor-ganisms (HAI's), and
procedural errors, lighting, pollution, communicable disease
• What is the Joint Commission?: An Organization that accredits hospitals and other
healthcare related agencies with the mission to continuously improvehealthcare for the public
• What is QSEN?: Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
Developed to help prepare future nurses who will be needed in their health careenvironments
to improve patient safety. (REMEMBER KSA- Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes)
• What is the IHI?: institute for healthcare improvement: measures and indicatorsthat reflect
the structure processes and outcomes of nursing care.
• What are the three types of Nursing Sensitive Indicators?: Clinical Quality,Patient
Satisfaction and Nurse Satisfaction.
• What is the purpose of National Patient Safety goals?: The purpose is to improve patient
safety by focusing on the problems in healthcare safety and how tosolve them
• Safety Risks associated with Infants/Toddlers/Pre-Schoolers: Choking or asphyxiation,
strangulation, more sensitive to heat, drinking medication or antifreeze
• Safety Risks associated with School Age Children: Drowning, trampoline use, skating and
• What is the role of a physical therapist?: helps patients improve mobility andmanage pain
through appropriate physical activities.
• What is the role of an occupational therapist?: helps patients function opti-mally in their
daily lives and environment
• What are the four types of infections?: Bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic
• What are the steps of the Chain of Infection?: 1. Infectious agent
2. Source of Infection
3. Portal of Exit
4. Mode of Transmission
5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
• What are the bodies natural defenses?: Normal flora
Inflammatory Response
Immune Response
• What factors increase a persons risk for infection?: Being an older adult, being an infant,
having secondary diagnosis, compromised immunity, poor tissue integrity/breaks in the skin,
invasive procedures, prolonged antibiotic use
• What are the 4 stages of the Infectious Process?: Incubation Period-when the infectious
organism invades the body
Prodromal Stage-Non specific symptoms start to appear Illness Stage-Microorganism specific
symptoms start to appear
Convalescent Stage-Symptoms start to subside, body returns to "normal"
• What are the symptoms of a Localized Infection?: Redness, swelling, warmth, pain,
tenderness, drainage, numbness, tingling, & loss of function to alteredarea
• What are systemic infections?: Infections that infiltrate the bloodstream. Caus- es fever,
increase in heart rate, respiratory rate, lethargy, anorexia & tenderness or enlargement of lymph
nodes
• What are risk factors associated with HAI's?: length of stay, compromised immunity,
invasive procedures (ex: catheters, surgeries), extended use of antibiotics,age, transmission via
healthcare workers, chronic disease, unsanitary environment,breaks in skin/tissue integrity
• Describe Contact Precautions: private room or cohort room, gloves, gowns,
, • Describe Airborne Precautions: private room (negative pressure airflow),Hepa filtration,
N-95 mask or respiratory protection device
• Describe Droplet Precautions: private room or cohort patients, mask or respi-rator
• Describe Standard Precautions: hand hygiene between patients and after contact with
blood or bodily fluids, no artificial nails or nail polish, wear gloves withblood/body fluid and
broken skin, put sharps in sharps container, cough etiquette,ALL PATIENTS, ALL THE
TIME
• Identify HAI Prevention Strategies: Knowing and breaking the chain of infec- tion, hand
hygiene, standard precautions, airborne precaution, droplet precautions, and contact
precautions, assessing and identifying those at risk for infections.
• What are Primary Preventions: Implemented before the disease occurs, aims to modify risk
factors to avoid the onset of disease and prevent pathologic processesfrom occurring
• What are Secondary Prevention's: Used in the cases of hidden diseases, thegoal is early
detection and diagnosis of health problems before patients exhibit symptoms of disease
• Concepts Interrelated with Infection: Nutrition, Tissue Integrity, Stress/Cop-ing,
Immunity, Inflammation
• What is the science of safety?: A discipline that seeks to understand a preventadverse
events
• What is safety?: The freedom from accidental injury
• What factors influence a safe healthcare environment?: Falls, restraints, medication
administration errors, overexposure to radiation, drug-resistant microor-ganisms (HAI's), and
procedural errors, lighting, pollution, communicable disease
• What is the Joint Commission?: An Organization that accredits hospitals and other
healthcare related agencies with the mission to continuously improvehealthcare for the public
• What is QSEN?: Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
Developed to help prepare future nurses who will be needed in their health careenvironments
to improve patient safety. (REMEMBER KSA- Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes)
• What is the IHI?: institute for healthcare improvement: measures and indicatorsthat reflect
the structure processes and outcomes of nursing care.
• What are the three types of Nursing Sensitive Indicators?: Clinical Quality,Patient
Satisfaction and Nurse Satisfaction.
• What is the purpose of National Patient Safety goals?: The purpose is to improve patient
safety by focusing on the problems in healthcare safety and how tosolve them
• Safety Risks associated with Infants/Toddlers/Pre-Schoolers: Choking or asphyxiation,
strangulation, more sensitive to heat, drinking medication or antifreeze
• Safety Risks associated with School Age Children: Drowning, trampoline use, skating and
