CREMATION TEST STUDY GUIDE
afterburner/secondary burner - Answer -a burner installed in the secondary combustion
chamber, or in chambers separated from the incinerator proper
burning rate - Answer -the amount of waste incinerated per unit time, usually expressed
in pounds per hour
calcination - Answer -the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in
the form of bone fragments through heat and vaporization, less the element of flame
due to controlled oxygen, the body and container never break into flame
primary burner - Answer -a burner installed in the primary combustion chamber to dry
out and ignite the material to be burned
combustion - Answer -burning the interaction of fuel with oxygen accompanied by the
well-defined flame-releasing rate, heat, fuel and oxygen are the 3 elements required for
cremation to take poalce
cremation - Answer -the reduction of a dead human body to inorganic bone fragments
by intense heat in a specifically designed retort or chamber, is more cost effective than
calcination
CANA definition: the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in the
form of bone fragments through flame, heat and vaporization
cremation container - Answer -the case in which the human body is delivered to the
crematory and in which it is cremated
General Requirements:
1. be composed of a suitable combustible material
2. be rigid enough for handling with ease
3. assure protection of the health and safety of the operator
4. provide proper covering for the remians
5. meet moral codes for respect and dignity
alkaline hydrolysis - Answer -body is immersed in a 1:21 solution of potash, lye and
water; gas powered steam generators build up pressure with the tank as the
temperature rises up to around 170 degrees Celcius, since the pressure is so high there
is no boiling- only a chemical reaction that completely liquefies everything but the bone
and any implants or prosthetics the deceased may have had, the liquid is a sterile fluid
that may be returned to the soil
emission - Answer -combustion products such as smoke, soot, sulfur dioxide, etc.
, EPA - Answer -Environmental Protection Agency
cold hearth - Answer -a surface upon which waste material is placed to dry and/or burn
aided by the action of hot combustion gases passing only over the waste material
hot hearth - Answer -a surface upon which waste material is placed to dry and/or burn
aided by the action of hot combustion gases that pass first over the waste material, then
under the hearth
incineration - Answer -the process of igniting and burning solid, semi-solid or gaseous
combustible waste to carbon dioxide and water vapor
incinerator - Answer -an engineered apparatus capable of withstanding heat and
designed to efficiently reduce solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous wast at specified rates,
and from which the residues contain little or no combustible material
mixing chamber - Answer -chamber usually placed between the primary combustion
chamber and the secondary combustion chamber where through mixing of the products
of combustion is accomplished by turbulence created by increased velocities of gases,
checker-work and/or turns in direction of the gas flow
particulates or particulate matter/fly ash - Answer -solid matter, dust, soot, and
unburned particles from the cremation container and remains; most is consumed during
after-burning, but small amounts still exist through the stack and into the atmosphere
(usually enough escapes to fill a cigarette pack
suspended ash particles, charred paper, dust, soot or other partially incinerated matter,
carried in the products of combustion
primary combustion chamber - Answer -chamber within a cremator where primary
ignition and burning of the case occurs
pulverization/processing - Answer -the process of reducing the size of the bone
fragments after cremation
scrubber/gas washer - Answer -equipment or removing particulates and objectionable
materials from the products of combustion by means of sprays, wet baffles, etc.
secondary combustion chamber - Answer -chamber where un-burned combustible
materials from the primary chamber are completely burned
General Trends Affecting Cremation - Answer -1. life expectancy
2. migration to retirement locations
3. more acceptable
4. environmental considerations
afterburner/secondary burner - Answer -a burner installed in the secondary combustion
chamber, or in chambers separated from the incinerator proper
burning rate - Answer -the amount of waste incinerated per unit time, usually expressed
in pounds per hour
calcination - Answer -the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in
the form of bone fragments through heat and vaporization, less the element of flame
due to controlled oxygen, the body and container never break into flame
primary burner - Answer -a burner installed in the primary combustion chamber to dry
out and ignite the material to be burned
combustion - Answer -burning the interaction of fuel with oxygen accompanied by the
well-defined flame-releasing rate, heat, fuel and oxygen are the 3 elements required for
cremation to take poalce
cremation - Answer -the reduction of a dead human body to inorganic bone fragments
by intense heat in a specifically designed retort or chamber, is more cost effective than
calcination
CANA definition: the process of reducing human remains to its basic elements in the
form of bone fragments through flame, heat and vaporization
cremation container - Answer -the case in which the human body is delivered to the
crematory and in which it is cremated
General Requirements:
1. be composed of a suitable combustible material
2. be rigid enough for handling with ease
3. assure protection of the health and safety of the operator
4. provide proper covering for the remians
5. meet moral codes for respect and dignity
alkaline hydrolysis - Answer -body is immersed in a 1:21 solution of potash, lye and
water; gas powered steam generators build up pressure with the tank as the
temperature rises up to around 170 degrees Celcius, since the pressure is so high there
is no boiling- only a chemical reaction that completely liquefies everything but the bone
and any implants or prosthetics the deceased may have had, the liquid is a sterile fluid
that may be returned to the soil
emission - Answer -combustion products such as smoke, soot, sulfur dioxide, etc.
, EPA - Answer -Environmental Protection Agency
cold hearth - Answer -a surface upon which waste material is placed to dry and/or burn
aided by the action of hot combustion gases passing only over the waste material
hot hearth - Answer -a surface upon which waste material is placed to dry and/or burn
aided by the action of hot combustion gases that pass first over the waste material, then
under the hearth
incineration - Answer -the process of igniting and burning solid, semi-solid or gaseous
combustible waste to carbon dioxide and water vapor
incinerator - Answer -an engineered apparatus capable of withstanding heat and
designed to efficiently reduce solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous wast at specified rates,
and from which the residues contain little or no combustible material
mixing chamber - Answer -chamber usually placed between the primary combustion
chamber and the secondary combustion chamber where through mixing of the products
of combustion is accomplished by turbulence created by increased velocities of gases,
checker-work and/or turns in direction of the gas flow
particulates or particulate matter/fly ash - Answer -solid matter, dust, soot, and
unburned particles from the cremation container and remains; most is consumed during
after-burning, but small amounts still exist through the stack and into the atmosphere
(usually enough escapes to fill a cigarette pack
suspended ash particles, charred paper, dust, soot or other partially incinerated matter,
carried in the products of combustion
primary combustion chamber - Answer -chamber within a cremator where primary
ignition and burning of the case occurs
pulverization/processing - Answer -the process of reducing the size of the bone
fragments after cremation
scrubber/gas washer - Answer -equipment or removing particulates and objectionable
materials from the products of combustion by means of sprays, wet baffles, etc.
secondary combustion chamber - Answer -chamber where un-burned combustible
materials from the primary chamber are completely burned
General Trends Affecting Cremation - Answer -1. life expectancy
2. migration to retirement locations
3. more acceptable
4. environmental considerations
