AEST Associate Of Agriculture Industry Certification Study Guide Exam Questions and
Answers Fully Solved Latest Version 2025-2026
Describe the process of mitosis & Meiosis and include the stages of Mitosis - Answersmitosis-
genetically identical; daughter cells.
meiosis- genetically different; gamates
Stages of mitosis & meiosis - AnswersProphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Interphase
Describe the function of photosynthesis, transpiration, & cellular respiration. -
Answersphotosynthesis- makes food, sun, h20, co2, creates sugars & starches
transpiration- loss of water from plant
cell respiration- releasing energy
List & define 8 types of land classification - Answers1-4 cultivate (1 is best, can farm on)
5-8 grazing (only for animals)
what is soil texture vs soil structure & list the soil particles in order of particle size- large to
small - Answerssoil texture- % of sand, silt, clay
soil structure - arrangement of particles
Separate the 17 essential plant nutrients into macro & micro, make sure t indicate which three
are the most important - Answersmacro: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Oxygen, Carbon,
Hydrogen, Calcium, Sulfur, Magnesium.
Micro: Maganese, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Copper, Boron, Zink, Nickel, Iron
what is the most important nutrient's main purpose for the plant? - AnswersNitrogen; helps to
make the plant green (chlorophyll)
Describe the following propagation methods of air layering, tissue culture, stem cuttings, leaf
cuttings, root cuttings, & seeds. - AnswersAir layering is a method of propagating new trees and
shrubs from stems still attached to the parent plant. The stem is wrapped with damp moss to
encourage roots to form.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or
organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely
used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation.
Stem cuttings: It involves taking a section of stem from a parent plant and manipulating it to
create a new plant.
leaf cuttings: stem cutting produces new roots, and a root cutting produces new stems
, root cuttings: the portion of root is cut from a parent plant (often called a mother plant), placed
in a growing medium, and then left to grow its own system of roots and stems.
seeds: is the method of plant propagation (multiplying, reproducing, or breeding new plants)
that is done through the use of seeds.
What is germination vs propagation - Answersgermination- seed sprouts
propagation- growing plants
Describe asexual plant propagation & sexual plant propagation. - Answersasexual: cuttings,
layering, division, buddings, & grafting
sexual:involves the union of the pollen (male) with the egg (female) to produce a seed
Breakdown the spermatophyta category of plants & describe each sub level. -
AnswersGymnosperm- cones, naked seeds
Angiosperm- Flower parts (monocotyledons- first leaf, parallel veins, non-woody flowers * 3)
(dicotyledons- netted veins, woody, flowers *4 or 5).
describe the vascular system of a monocotyledon & dicotyledon - Answersmonocot- vascular
bundles
dicot- organized
What are the 3 vegetative parts of the plant & what are their main function? - Answersleaf-
photosynthesis
stem-support
root- water/ nutrients
what are the two types of roots? - Answerstap & fibrous
list & describe 5 modified stems - AnswersTuber: eyes, food storage, propagation (growing
plants), underground
Rhizome(turf grass, ginger): underground horizontal stem, food storage
bulb: with bulblets, underground, food storage
bulb with leaves: underground, food storage
cladophyl: stem that goes through photosynthesis, above ground
stolon( golf course grass): above ground, horizontal stem, photosynthesis
what is the reproductive part of the plant? - AnswersThe flower is the reproductive unit of some
Answers Fully Solved Latest Version 2025-2026
Describe the process of mitosis & Meiosis and include the stages of Mitosis - Answersmitosis-
genetically identical; daughter cells.
meiosis- genetically different; gamates
Stages of mitosis & meiosis - AnswersProphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Interphase
Describe the function of photosynthesis, transpiration, & cellular respiration. -
Answersphotosynthesis- makes food, sun, h20, co2, creates sugars & starches
transpiration- loss of water from plant
cell respiration- releasing energy
List & define 8 types of land classification - Answers1-4 cultivate (1 is best, can farm on)
5-8 grazing (only for animals)
what is soil texture vs soil structure & list the soil particles in order of particle size- large to
small - Answerssoil texture- % of sand, silt, clay
soil structure - arrangement of particles
Separate the 17 essential plant nutrients into macro & micro, make sure t indicate which three
are the most important - Answersmacro: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Oxygen, Carbon,
Hydrogen, Calcium, Sulfur, Magnesium.
Micro: Maganese, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Copper, Boron, Zink, Nickel, Iron
what is the most important nutrient's main purpose for the plant? - AnswersNitrogen; helps to
make the plant green (chlorophyll)
Describe the following propagation methods of air layering, tissue culture, stem cuttings, leaf
cuttings, root cuttings, & seeds. - AnswersAir layering is a method of propagating new trees and
shrubs from stems still attached to the parent plant. The stem is wrapped with damp moss to
encourage roots to form.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or
organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely
used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation.
Stem cuttings: It involves taking a section of stem from a parent plant and manipulating it to
create a new plant.
leaf cuttings: stem cutting produces new roots, and a root cutting produces new stems
, root cuttings: the portion of root is cut from a parent plant (often called a mother plant), placed
in a growing medium, and then left to grow its own system of roots and stems.
seeds: is the method of plant propagation (multiplying, reproducing, or breeding new plants)
that is done through the use of seeds.
What is germination vs propagation - Answersgermination- seed sprouts
propagation- growing plants
Describe asexual plant propagation & sexual plant propagation. - Answersasexual: cuttings,
layering, division, buddings, & grafting
sexual:involves the union of the pollen (male) with the egg (female) to produce a seed
Breakdown the spermatophyta category of plants & describe each sub level. -
AnswersGymnosperm- cones, naked seeds
Angiosperm- Flower parts (monocotyledons- first leaf, parallel veins, non-woody flowers * 3)
(dicotyledons- netted veins, woody, flowers *4 or 5).
describe the vascular system of a monocotyledon & dicotyledon - Answersmonocot- vascular
bundles
dicot- organized
What are the 3 vegetative parts of the plant & what are their main function? - Answersleaf-
photosynthesis
stem-support
root- water/ nutrients
what are the two types of roots? - Answerstap & fibrous
list & describe 5 modified stems - AnswersTuber: eyes, food storage, propagation (growing
plants), underground
Rhizome(turf grass, ginger): underground horizontal stem, food storage
bulb: with bulblets, underground, food storage
bulb with leaves: underground, food storage
cladophyl: stem that goes through photosynthesis, above ground
stolon( golf course grass): above ground, horizontal stem, photosynthesis
what is the reproductive part of the plant? - AnswersThe flower is the reproductive unit of some
