NURS 175 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The absence of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms =
used to prevent infection
Communicable - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Meaning its contagious
Iatrogenic infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic
or therapeutic treatment.
Nosocmial infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Infection acquired by the hospital
Resident Flora - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Microorganisms that are always present on or in a
person and usually do not cause any disease.
Transient flora - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-microbes that reside on the skin surface and are easily
removed
Medical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known as the "clean technique" - used to keep area as
clean as possible to reduce transmission
Surgical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known as the "sterile technique" - used when you
want zero transmission of microorganisms, so everything is kept in a sterile field.
,Goal of asepsis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Elimination of infection
The 4 Principles of Asepsis ? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. All articles used in a surgical operation
have been sterilized previously.
2. If in doubt about the sterility of anything, consider it unsterile.
3. The edge of anything that encloses sterile contents is not considered sterile. Ex rims of sterile
bottles
4. Moisture may cause contamination.
What is routine practice? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Also known as universal practice or standard
precautions, these are just routine practices are used to minimize the spread of infection
between people.
What is the chain of infection? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. An infectious agent or pathogen
2. A reservoir or source for pathogen growth
3. A portal of exit from the reservoir
4. A mode of transmission
5. A portal of entry to the host
6. A susceptible host
Explain the 1st step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Infectious agents
-The microorganisms capable of causing infection
-Through effective hand washing many of these can be removed
Explain the 2nd step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Reservoir
, -Where the organism is housed while it's waiting for an opportunity to infect/ multiply
Explain the 3rd step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Portal of Exit
-The most common portals of exit include the mucous membranes (i.e., mouth, nose, vagina,
rectum) or breaks in the skin (e.g., wounds).
-Blood and body fluids are considered portals of exit and can carry microorganisms as well.
Explain the 4th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Mode of Transmission
-Contact transmission
-Droplet transmission
-Airborne transmission
-Common vehicle transmission
(Ex. E.Coli outbreak on lettuce across Canada)
-Vector borne transmission
(Ex.Carriers like mosquitos or mice who carry disease)
Explain the 5th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Portal of Entrance
-Once exited, transmitted, the infection now needs a place to land
-The same areas of portal exit are portal entrances
Explain the 6th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Susceptible host
-Susceptibility depends on various factors, such as the virulence of the microorganisms or the
resistance or immunity that the host might have.
Correct Answers
Asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The absence of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms =
used to prevent infection
Communicable - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Meaning its contagious
Iatrogenic infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic
or therapeutic treatment.
Nosocmial infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Infection acquired by the hospital
Resident Flora - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Microorganisms that are always present on or in a
person and usually do not cause any disease.
Transient flora - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-microbes that reside on the skin surface and are easily
removed
Medical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known as the "clean technique" - used to keep area as
clean as possible to reduce transmission
Surgical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Known as the "sterile technique" - used when you
want zero transmission of microorganisms, so everything is kept in a sterile field.
,Goal of asepsis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Elimination of infection
The 4 Principles of Asepsis ? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. All articles used in a surgical operation
have been sterilized previously.
2. If in doubt about the sterility of anything, consider it unsterile.
3. The edge of anything that encloses sterile contents is not considered sterile. Ex rims of sterile
bottles
4. Moisture may cause contamination.
What is routine practice? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Also known as universal practice or standard
precautions, these are just routine practices are used to minimize the spread of infection
between people.
What is the chain of infection? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1. An infectious agent or pathogen
2. A reservoir or source for pathogen growth
3. A portal of exit from the reservoir
4. A mode of transmission
5. A portal of entry to the host
6. A susceptible host
Explain the 1st step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Infectious agents
-The microorganisms capable of causing infection
-Through effective hand washing many of these can be removed
Explain the 2nd step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Reservoir
, -Where the organism is housed while it's waiting for an opportunity to infect/ multiply
Explain the 3rd step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Portal of Exit
-The most common portals of exit include the mucous membranes (i.e., mouth, nose, vagina,
rectum) or breaks in the skin (e.g., wounds).
-Blood and body fluids are considered portals of exit and can carry microorganisms as well.
Explain the 4th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Mode of Transmission
-Contact transmission
-Droplet transmission
-Airborne transmission
-Common vehicle transmission
(Ex. E.Coli outbreak on lettuce across Canada)
-Vector borne transmission
(Ex.Carriers like mosquitos or mice who carry disease)
Explain the 5th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Portal of Entrance
-Once exited, transmitted, the infection now needs a place to land
-The same areas of portal exit are portal entrances
Explain the 6th step of the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Susceptible host
-Susceptibility depends on various factors, such as the virulence of the microorganisms or the
resistance or immunity that the host might have.
